/*
 * Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008, Digium, Inc.
 *
 * Joshua Colp <jcolp@digium.com>
 *
 * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
 * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
 * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
 * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
 * channels for your use.
 *
 * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
 * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
 * at the top of the source tree.
 */

/*! \file
 *
 * \brief Pluggable RTP Architecture
 *
 * \author Joshua Colp <jcolp@digium.com>
 */

/*** MODULEINFO
	<support_level>core</support_level>
***/

/*** DOCUMENTATION
	<managerEvent language="en_US" name="RTCPSent">
		<managerEventInstance class="EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING">
			<since>
				<version>12.0.0</version>
			</since>
			<synopsis>Raised when an RTCP packet is sent.</synopsis>
			<syntax>
				<channel_snapshot/>
				<parameter name="SSRC">
					<para>The SSRC identifier for our stream</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="PT">
					<para>The type of packet for this RTCP report.</para>
					<enumlist>
						<enum name="200(SR)"/>
						<enum name="201(RR)"/>
					</enumlist>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="To">
					<para>The address the report is sent to.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportCount">
					<para>The number of reports that were sent.</para>
					<para>The report count determines the number of ReportX headers in
					the message. The X for each set of report headers will range from 0 to
					<literal>ReportCount - 1</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="SentNTP" required="false">
					<para>The time the sender generated the report. Only valid when
					PT is <literal>200(SR)</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="SentRTP" required="false">
					<para>The sender's last RTP timestamp. Only valid when PT is
					<literal>200(SR)</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="SentPackets" required="false">
					<para>The number of packets the sender has sent. Only valid when PT
					is <literal>200(SR)</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="SentOctets" required="false">
					<para>The number of bytes the sender has sent. Only valid when PT is
					<literal>200(SR)</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXSourceSSRC">
					<para>The SSRC for the source of this report block.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXFractionLost">
					<para>The fraction of RTP data packets from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>
					lost since the previous SR or RR report was sent.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXCumulativeLost">
					<para>The total number of RTP data packets from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>
					lost since the beginning of reception.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXHighestSequence">
					<para>The highest sequence number received in an RTP data packet from
					<literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXSequenceNumberCycles">
					<para>The number of sequence number cycles seen for the RTP data
					received from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXIAJitter">
					<para>An estimate of the statistical variance of the RTP data packet
					interarrival time, measured in timestamp units.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXLSR">
					<para>The last SR timestamp received from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>.
					If no SR has been received from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>,
					then 0.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportXDLSR">
					<para>The delay, expressed in units of 1/65536 seconds, between
					receiving the last SR packet from <literal>ReportXSourceSSRC</literal>
					and sending this report.</para>
				</parameter>
			</syntax>
			<see-also>
				<ref type="managerEvent">RTCPReceived</ref>
			</see-also>
		</managerEventInstance>
	</managerEvent>
	<managerEvent language="en_US" name="RTCPReceived">
		<managerEventInstance class="EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING">
			<since>
				<version>12.0.0</version>
			</since>
			<synopsis>Raised when an RTCP packet is received.</synopsis>
			<syntax>
				<channel_snapshot/>
				<parameter name="SSRC">
					<para>The SSRC identifier for the remote system</para>
				</parameter>
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[@name='PT'])" />
				<parameter name="From">
					<para>The address the report was received from.</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="RTT">
					<para>Calculated Round-Trip Time in seconds</para>
				</parameter>
				<parameter name="ReportCount">
					<para>The number of reports that were received.</para>
					<para>The report count determines the number of ReportX headers in
					the message. The X for each set of report headers will range from 0 to
					<literal>ReportCount - 1</literal>.</para>
				</parameter>
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[@name='SentNTP'])" />
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[@name='SentRTP'])" />
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[@name='SentPackets'])" />
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[@name='SentOctets'])" />
				<xi:include xpointer="xpointer(/docs/managerEvent[@name='RTCPSent']/managerEventInstance/syntax/parameter[contains(@name, 'ReportX')])" />
			</syntax>
			<see-also>
				<ref type="managerEvent">RTCPSent</ref>
			</see-also>
		</managerEventInstance>
	</managerEvent>
 ***/

#include "asterisk.h"

#include <sched.h>                      /* for sched_yield */
#include <sys/time.h>                   /* for timeval */
#include <time.h>                       /* for time_t */

#include "asterisk/_private.h"          /* for ast_rtp_engine_init prototype */
#include "asterisk/astobj2.h"           /* for ao2_cleanup, ao2_ref, etc */
#include "asterisk/channel.h"           /* for ast_channel_name, etc */
#include "asterisk/codec.h"             /* for ast_codec_media_type2str, etc */
#include "asterisk/format.h"            /* for ast_format_cmp, etc */
#include "asterisk/format_cache.h"      /* for ast_format_adpcm, etc */
#include "asterisk/format_cap.h"        /* for ast_format_cap_alloc, etc */
#include "asterisk/json.h"              /* for ast_json_ref, etc */
#include "asterisk/linkedlists.h"       /* for ast_rtp_engine::<anonymous>, etc */
#include "asterisk/lock.h"              /* for ast_rwlock_unlock, etc */
#include "asterisk/logger.h"            /* for ast_log, ast_debug, etc */
#include "asterisk/manager.h"
#include "asterisk/module.h"            /* for ast_module_unref, etc */
#include "asterisk/netsock2.h"          /* for ast_sockaddr_copy, etc */
#include "asterisk/options.h"           /* for ast_option_rtpptdynamic */
#include "asterisk/pbx.h"               /* for pbx_builtin_setvar_helper */
#include "asterisk/res_srtp.h"          /* for ast_srtp_res */
#include "asterisk/rtp_engine.h"        /* for ast_rtp_codecs, etc */
#include "asterisk/stasis.h"            /* for stasis_message_data, etc */
#include "asterisk/stasis_channels.h"   /* for ast_channel_stage_snapshot, etc */
#include "asterisk/strings.h"           /* for ast_str_append, etc */
#include "asterisk/time.h"              /* for ast_tvdiff_ms, ast_tvnow */
#include "asterisk/translate.h"         /* for ast_translate_available_formats */
#include "asterisk/utils.h"             /* for ast_free, ast_strdup, etc */
#include "asterisk/vector.h"            /* for AST_VECTOR_GET, etc */

struct ast_srtp_res *res_srtp = NULL;
struct ast_srtp_policy_res *res_srtp_policy = NULL;

/*! Structure that contains extmap negotiation information */
struct rtp_extmap {
	/*! The RTP extension */
	enum ast_rtp_extension extension;
	/*! The current negotiated direction */
	enum ast_rtp_extension_direction direction;
};

/*! Structure that represents an RTP session (instance) */
struct ast_rtp_instance {
	/*! Engine that is handling this RTP instance */
	struct ast_rtp_engine *engine;
	/*! Data unique to the RTP engine */
	void *data;
	/*! RTP properties that have been set and their value */
	int properties[AST_RTP_PROPERTY_MAX];
	/*! Address that we are expecting RTP to come in to */
	struct ast_sockaddr local_address;
	/*! The original source address */
	struct ast_sockaddr requested_target_address;
	/*! Address that we are sending RTP to */
	struct ast_sockaddr incoming_source_address;
	/*! Instance that we are bridged to if doing remote or local bridging */
	struct ast_rtp_instance *bridged;
	/*! Payload and packetization information */
	struct ast_rtp_codecs codecs;
	/*! RTP timeout time (negative or zero means disabled, negative value means temporarily disabled) */
	int timeout;
	/*! RTP timeout when on hold (negative or zero means disabled, negative value means temporarily disabled). */
	int holdtimeout;
	/*! RTP keepalive interval */
	int keepalive;
	/*! Glue currently in use */
	struct ast_rtp_glue *glue;
	/*! SRTP info associated with the instance */
	struct ast_srtp *srtp;
	/*! SRTP info dedicated for RTCP associated with the instance */
	struct ast_srtp *rtcp_srtp;
	/*! Channel unique ID */
	char channel_uniqueid[AST_MAX_UNIQUEID];
	/*! Time of last packet sent */
	time_t last_tx;
	/*! Time of last packet received */
	time_t last_rx;
	/*! Enabled RTP extensions */
	AST_VECTOR(, enum ast_rtp_extension_direction) extmap_enabled;
	/*! Negotiated RTP extensions (using index based on extension) */
	AST_VECTOR(, int) extmap_negotiated;
	/*! Negotiated RTP extensions (using index based on unique id) */
	AST_VECTOR(, struct rtp_extmap) extmap_unique_ids;
	/*! Per-instance RTP port range start (0 means use global) */
	unsigned int rtp_port_start;
	/*! Per-instance RTP port range end (0 means use global) */
	unsigned int rtp_port_end;
};

/*!
 * \brief URIs for known RTP extensions
 */
static const char * const rtp_extension_uris[AST_RTP_EXTENSION_MAX] = {
	[AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED]		= "",
	[AST_RTP_EXTENSION_ABS_SEND_TIME]	= "http://www.webrtc.org/experiments/rtp-hdrext/abs-send-time",
	[AST_RTP_EXTENSION_TRANSPORT_WIDE_CC]	= "http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-holmer-rmcat-transport-wide-cc-extensions-01",
};

/*! List of RTP engines that are currently registered */
static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(engines, ast_rtp_engine);

/*! List of RTP glues */
static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(glues, ast_rtp_glue);

#define MAX_RTP_MIME_TYPES 128

/*! The following array defines the MIME Media type (and subtype) for each
   of our codecs, or RTP-specific data type. */
static struct ast_rtp_mime_type {
	/*! \brief A mapping object between the Asterisk codec and this RTP payload */
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type payload_type;
	/*! \brief The media type */
	char type[16];
	/*! \brief The format type */
	char subtype[64];
	/*! \brief Expected sample rate of the /c subtype */
	unsigned int sample_rate;
} ast_rtp_mime_types[128]; /* This will Likely not need to grow any time soon. */
static ast_rwlock_t mime_types_lock;
static int mime_types_len = 0;

/*!
 * \brief Mapping between Asterisk codecs and rtp payload types
 *
 * Static (i.e., well-known) RTP payload types for our "AST_FORMAT..."s:
 * also, our own choices for dynamic payload types.  This is our master
 * table for transmission
 *
 * See http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters for a list of
 * assigned values
 */
static struct ast_rtp_payload_type *static_RTP_PT[AST_RTP_MAX_PT];
static ast_rwlock_t static_RTP_PT_lock;

/*! \brief \ref stasis topic for RTP related messages */
static struct stasis_topic *rtp_topic;


/*!
 * \brief Set given json object into target with name
 *
 * \param target Target json.
 * \param name key of given object.
 * \param obj Json value will be set.
 */
#define SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(target, name, obj) ({					\
	struct ast_json *j_tmp = obj;						\
	if (j_tmp) {						\
		ast_json_object_set(target, name, j_tmp);						\
	}						\
})

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Destructor for \c ast_rtp_payload_type
 */
static void rtp_payload_type_dtor(void *obj)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *payload = obj;

	ao2_cleanup(payload->format);
}

static struct ast_rtp_payload_type *rtp_payload_type_alloc(struct ast_format *format,
	int payload, int rtp_code, int primary_mapping, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type = ao2_alloc_options(
		sizeof(*type), rtp_payload_type_dtor, AO2_ALLOC_OPT_LOCK_NOLOCK);

	if (!type) {
		return NULL;
	}

	type->format = ao2_bump(format);
	type->asterisk_format = type->format != NULL;
	type->payload = payload;
	type->rtp_code = rtp_code;
	type->primary_mapping = primary_mapping;
	type->sample_rate = sample_rate;

	return type;
}

struct ast_rtp_payload_type *ast_rtp_engine_alloc_payload_type(void)
{
	return rtp_payload_type_alloc(NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}

int ast_rtp_engine_register2(struct ast_rtp_engine *engine, struct ast_module *module)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine *current_engine;

	/* Perform a sanity check on the engine structure to make sure it has the basics */
	if (ast_strlen_zero(engine->name) || !engine->new || !engine->destroy || !engine->write || !engine->read) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "RTP Engine '%s' failed sanity check so it was not registered.\n", !ast_strlen_zero(engine->name) ? engine->name : "Unknown");
		return -1;
	}

	/* Link owner module to the RTP engine for reference counting purposes */
	engine->mod = module;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&engines);

	/* Ensure that no two modules with the same name are registered at the same time */
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&engines, current_engine, entry) {
		if (!strcmp(current_engine->name, engine->name)) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "An RTP engine with the name '%s' has already been registered.\n", engine->name);
			AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&engines);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	/* The engine survived our critique. Off to the list it goes to be used */
	AST_RWLIST_INSERT_TAIL(&engines, engine, entry);

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&engines);

	ast_verb(5, "Registered RTP engine '%s'\n", engine->name);

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_engine_unregister(struct ast_rtp_engine *engine)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine *current_engine = NULL;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&engines);

	if ((current_engine = AST_RWLIST_REMOVE(&engines, engine, entry))) {
		ast_verb(5, "Unregistered RTP engine '%s'\n", engine->name);
	}

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&engines);

	return current_engine ? 0 : -1;
}

int ast_rtp_glue_register2(struct ast_rtp_glue *glue, struct ast_module *module)
{
	struct ast_rtp_glue *current_glue = NULL;

	if (ast_strlen_zero(glue->type)) {
		return -1;
	}

	glue->mod = module;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&glues);

	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&glues, current_glue, entry) {
		if (!strcasecmp(current_glue->type, glue->type)) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "RTP glue with the name '%s' has already been registered.\n", glue->type);
			AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&glues);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	AST_RWLIST_INSERT_TAIL(&glues, glue, entry);

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&glues);

	ast_verb(5, "Registered RTP glue '%s'\n", glue->type);

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_glue_unregister(struct ast_rtp_glue *glue)
{
	struct ast_rtp_glue *current_glue = NULL;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&glues);

	if ((current_glue = AST_RWLIST_REMOVE(&glues, glue, entry))) {
		ast_verb(5, "Unregistered RTP glue '%s'\n", glue->type);
	}

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&glues);

	return current_glue ? 0 : -1;
}

static void instance_destructor(void *obj)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance *instance = obj;

	/* Pass us off to the engine to destroy */
	if (instance->data) {
		/*
		 * Lock in case the RTP engine has other threads that
		 * need synchronization with the destruction.
		 */
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->destroy(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}

	if (instance->srtp) {
		res_srtp->destroy(instance->srtp);
	}

	if (instance->rtcp_srtp) {
		res_srtp->destroy(instance->rtcp_srtp);
	}

	ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_destroy(&instance->codecs);

	AST_VECTOR_FREE(&instance->extmap_enabled);
	AST_VECTOR_FREE(&instance->extmap_negotiated);
	AST_VECTOR_FREE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids);

	/* Drop our engine reference */
	ast_module_unref(instance->engine->mod);

	ast_debug(1, "Destroyed RTP instance '%p'\n", instance);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_destroy(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (!instance) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (ast_debug_rtp_is_allowed) {
		char buffer[4][512];
		ast_debug_rtp(1, "%s:\n"
			"  RTT:    %s\n"
			"  Loss:   %s\n"
			"  Jitter: %s\n"
			"  MES:    %s\n",
			instance->channel_uniqueid,
			ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(instance, AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_RTT,
				buffer[0], sizeof(buffer[0])),
			ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(instance, AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_LOSS,
				buffer[1], sizeof(buffer[1])),
			ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(instance, AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_JITTER,
				buffer[2], sizeof(buffer[2])),
			ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(instance, AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_MES,
				buffer[3], sizeof(buffer[3]))
		);
	}

	ao2_cleanup(instance);

	return 0;
}

struct ast_rtp_instance *ast_rtp_instance_new(const char *engine_name,
		struct ast_sched_context *sched, const struct ast_sockaddr *sa,
		void *data)
{
	return ast_rtp_instance_new_with_options(
		engine_name, sched, sa, data, NULL);
}

struct ast_rtp_instance *ast_rtp_instance_new_with_options(const char *engine_name,
		struct ast_sched_context *sched, const struct ast_sockaddr *sa,
		void *data, const struct ast_rtp_instance_options *options)
{
	struct ast_sockaddr address = {{0,}};
	struct ast_rtp_instance *instance = NULL;
	struct ast_rtp_engine *engine = NULL;
	struct ast_module *mod_ref;
	unsigned int port_start = options ? options->port_start : 0;
	unsigned int port_end = options ? options->port_end : 0;

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&engines);

	/* If an engine name was specified try to use it or otherwise use the first one registered */
	if (!ast_strlen_zero(engine_name)) {
		AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&engines, engine, entry) {
			if (!strcmp(engine->name, engine_name)) {
				break;
			}
		}
	} else {
		engine = AST_RWLIST_FIRST(&engines);
	}

	/* If no engine was actually found bail out now */
	if (!engine) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "No RTP engine was found. Do you have one loaded?\n");
		AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&engines);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Bump up the reference count before we return so the module can not be unloaded */
	mod_ref = ast_module_running_ref(engine->mod);

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&engines);

	if (!mod_ref) {
		/* BUGBUG: improve handling of this situation. */
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Allocate a new RTP instance */
	if (!(instance = ao2_alloc(sizeof(*instance), instance_destructor))) {
		ast_module_unref(engine->mod);
		return NULL;
	}
	instance->engine = engine;
	ast_sockaddr_copy(&instance->local_address, sa);
	ast_sockaddr_copy(&address, sa);

	/* Set the per-instance port range before the engine allocates the transport */
	instance->rtp_port_start = port_start;
	instance->rtp_port_end = port_end;

	if (ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_initialize(&instance->codecs)) {
		ao2_ref(instance, -1);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Initialize RTP extension support */
	if (AST_VECTOR_INIT(&instance->extmap_enabled, 0) ||
		AST_VECTOR_INIT(&instance->extmap_negotiated, 0) ||
		AST_VECTOR_INIT(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, 0)) {
		ao2_ref(instance, -1);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (port_start && port_end) {
		ast_debug(1, "Using engine '%s' for RTP instance '%p' with port range %d-%d\n",
			engine->name, instance, port_start, port_end);
	} else {
		ast_debug(1, "Using engine '%s' for RTP instance '%p'\n", engine->name, instance);
	}

	/*
	 * And pass it off to the engine to setup
	 *
	 * Lock in case the RTP engine has other threads that
	 * need synchronization with the construction.
	 */
	ao2_lock(instance);
	if (instance->engine->new(instance, sched, &address, data)) {
		ast_debug(1, "Engine '%s' failed to setup RTP instance '%p'\n", engine->name, instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		ao2_ref(instance, -1);
		return NULL;
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	ast_debug(1, "RTP instance '%p' is setup and ready to go\n", instance);

	return instance;
}

const char *ast_rtp_instance_get_channel_id(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->channel_uniqueid;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_channel_id(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, const char *uniqueid)
{
	ast_copy_string(instance->channel_uniqueid, uniqueid, sizeof(instance->channel_uniqueid));
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_data(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, void *data)
{
	instance->data = data;
}

void *ast_rtp_instance_get_data(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->data;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_write(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_frame *frame)
{
	int res;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	res = instance->engine->write(instance, frame);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return res;
}

struct ast_frame *ast_rtp_instance_read(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int rtcp)
{
	struct ast_frame *frame;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	frame = instance->engine->read(instance, rtcp);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return frame;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_local_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
		const struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	ast_sockaddr_copy(&instance->local_address, address);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return 0;
}

static void rtp_instance_set_incoming_source_address_nolock(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	const struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ast_sockaddr_copy(&instance->incoming_source_address, address);
	if (instance->engine->remote_address_set) {
		instance->engine->remote_address_set(instance, &instance->incoming_source_address);
	}
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_incoming_source_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	const struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	rtp_instance_set_incoming_source_address_nolock(instance, address);
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_requested_target_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
						  const struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);

	ast_sockaddr_copy(&instance->requested_target_address, address);
	rtp_instance_set_incoming_source_address_nolock(instance, address);

	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_and_cmp_local_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
		struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	if (ast_sockaddr_cmp(address, &instance->local_address) != 0) {
		ast_sockaddr_copy(address, &instance->local_address);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		return 1;
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_get_local_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
		struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	ast_sockaddr_copy(address, &instance->local_address);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_and_cmp_requested_target_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
		struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	if (ast_sockaddr_cmp(address, &instance->requested_target_address) != 0) {
		ast_sockaddr_copy(address, &instance->requested_target_address);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		return 1;
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_get_incoming_source_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
						  struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	ast_sockaddr_copy(address, &instance->incoming_source_address);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

void ast_rtp_instance_get_requested_target_address(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
						   struct ast_sockaddr *address)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	ast_sockaddr_copy(address, &instance->requested_target_address);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_extended_prop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int property, void *value)
{
	if (instance->engine->extended_prop_set) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->extended_prop_set(instance, property, value);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}
}

void *ast_rtp_instance_get_extended_prop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int property)
{
	void *prop;

	if (instance->engine->extended_prop_get) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		prop = instance->engine->extended_prop_get(instance, property);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		prop = NULL;
	}

	return prop;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_prop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, enum ast_rtp_property property, int value)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->properties[property] = value;

	if (instance->engine->prop_set) {
		instance->engine->prop_set(instance, property, value);
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_prop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, enum ast_rtp_property property)
{
	int prop;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	prop = instance->properties[property];
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return prop;
}

struct ast_rtp_codecs *ast_rtp_instance_get_codecs(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return &instance->codecs;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_extmap_enable(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id, enum ast_rtp_extension extension,
	enum ast_rtp_extension_direction direction)
{
	struct rtp_extmap extmap = {
		.extension = extension,
		.direction = direction,
	};

	ao2_lock(instance);

	if (!instance->engine->extension_enable || !instance->engine->extension_enable(instance, extension)) {
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		return 0;
	}

	/* We store enabled extensions separately so we can easily do negotiation */
	if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension, direction)) {
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		return -1;
	}

	if (id <= 0) {
		/* We find a free unique identifier for this extension by just appending it to the
		 * vector of unique ids. The size of the vector will become its unique identifier.
		 * As well when we are asking for information on the extensions it will be returned,
		 * allowing it to be added to the SDP offer.
		 */
		if (AST_VECTOR_APPEND(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, extmap)) {
			AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension, AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
			return -1;
		}
		id = AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids);
	} else {
		/* Otherwise we put it precisely where they want it */
		if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, id - 1, extmap)) {
			AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension, AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	/* Now that we have an id add the extension to here */
	if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_negotiated, extension, id)) {
		extmap.extension = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED;
		extmap.direction = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE;
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension, AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE);
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, id - 1, extmap);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		return -1;
	}

	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

/*! \brief Helper function which negotiates two RTP extension directions to get our current direction */
static enum ast_rtp_extension_direction rtp_extmap_negotiate_direction(enum ast_rtp_extension_direction ours,
	enum ast_rtp_extension_direction theirs)
{
	if (theirs == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE || ours == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE) {
		/* This should not occur but if it does tolerate either side not having this extension
		 * in use.
		 */
		return AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE;
	} else if (theirs == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_INACTIVE) {
		/* Inactive is always inactive on our side */
		return AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_INACTIVE;
	} else if (theirs == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDRECV) {
		return ours;
	} else if (theirs == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDONLY) {
		/* If they are send only then we become recvonly if we are configured as sendrecv or recvonly */
		if (ours == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDRECV || ours == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_RECVONLY) {
			return AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_RECVONLY;
		}
	} else if (theirs == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_RECVONLY) {
		/* If they are recv only then we become sendonly if we are configured as sendrecv or sendonly */
		if (ours == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDRECV || ours == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDONLY) {
			return AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_SENDONLY;
		}
	}

	return AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_extmap_negotiate(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id, enum ast_rtp_extension_direction direction,
	const char *uri, const char *attributes)
{
	/* 'attributes' is currently unused but exists in the API to ensure it does not need to be altered
	 * in the future in case we need to use it.
	 */
	int idx;
	enum ast_rtp_extension extension = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED;

	/* Per the RFC the identifier has to be 1 or above */
	if (id < 1) {
		return -1;
	}

	/* Convert the provided URI to the internal representation */
	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_LEN(rtp_extension_uris); ++idx) {
		if (!strcasecmp(rtp_extension_uris[idx], uri)) {
			extension = idx;
			break;
		}
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);
	/* We only accept the extension if it is enabled */
	if (extension < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_enabled) &&
		AST_VECTOR_GET(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension) != AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE) {
		struct rtp_extmap extmap = {
			.extension = extension,
			.direction = rtp_extmap_negotiate_direction(AST_VECTOR_GET(&instance->extmap_enabled, extension), direction),
		};

		/* If the direction negotiation failed then don't accept or use this extension */
		if (extmap.direction != AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE) {
			if (extension != AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED) {
				AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_negotiated, extension, id);
			}
			AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, id - 1, extmap);
		}
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return 0;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_extmap_clear(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	static const struct rtp_extmap extmap_none = {
		.extension = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED,
		.direction = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE,
	};
	int idx;

	ao2_lock(instance);

	/* Clear both the known unique ids and the negotiated extensions as we are about to have
	 * new results set on us.
	 */
	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids); ++idx) {
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, idx, extmap_none);
	}

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_negotiated); ++idx) {
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&instance->extmap_negotiated, idx, -1);
	}

	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_extmap_get_id(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, enum ast_rtp_extension extension)
{
	int id = -1;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	if (extension < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_negotiated)) {
		id = AST_VECTOR_GET(&instance->extmap_negotiated, extension);
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return id;
}

size_t ast_rtp_instance_extmap_count(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	size_t count;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	count = AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids);
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return count;
}

enum ast_rtp_extension ast_rtp_instance_extmap_get_extension(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id)
{
	enum ast_rtp_extension extension = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED;

	ao2_lock(instance);

	/* The local unique identifier starts at '1' so the highest unique identifier
	 * can be the actual size of the vector. We compensate (as it is 0 index based)
	 * by dropping it down to 1 to get the correct information.
	 */
	if (0 < id && id <= AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids)) {
		struct rtp_extmap *extmap = AST_VECTOR_GET_ADDR(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, id - 1);

		extension = extmap->extension;
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return extension;
}

enum ast_rtp_extension_direction ast_rtp_instance_extmap_get_direction(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id)
{
	enum ast_rtp_extension_direction direction = AST_RTP_EXTENSION_DIRECTION_NONE;

	ao2_lock(instance);

	if (0 < id && id <= AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&instance->extmap_unique_ids)) {
		struct rtp_extmap *extmap = AST_VECTOR_GET_ADDR(&instance->extmap_unique_ids, id - 1);

		direction = extmap->direction;
	}
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return direction;
}

const char *ast_rtp_instance_extmap_get_uri(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id)
{
	enum ast_rtp_extension extension = ast_rtp_instance_extmap_get_extension(instance, id);

	if (extension == AST_RTP_EXTENSION_UNSUPPORTED ||
		(unsigned int)extension >= ARRAY_LEN(rtp_extension_uris)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	return rtp_extension_uris[extension];
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_initialize(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	int res;

	codecs->framing = 0;
	ast_rwlock_init(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	res = AST_VECTOR_INIT(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, AST_RTP_MAX_PT);
	res |= AST_VECTOR_INIT(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, AST_RTP_MAX_PT);
	if (res) {
		AST_VECTOR_FREE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx);
		AST_VECTOR_FREE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx);
	}

	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_destroy(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx);
		ao2_t_cleanup(type, "destroying ast_rtp_codec rx mapping");
	}
	AST_VECTOR_FREE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx);

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
		ao2_t_cleanup(type, "destroying ast_rtp_codec tx mapping");
	}
	AST_VECTOR_FREE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx);

	ao2_t_cleanup(codecs->preferred_format, "destroying ast_rtp_codec preferred format");
	codecs->preferred_format = NULL;

	ast_rwlock_destroy(&codecs->codecs_lock);
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_clear(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_destroy(codecs);
	ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_initialize(codecs);

	if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
		int i;

		ao2_lock(instance);
		for (i = 0; i < AST_RTP_MAX_PT; i++) {
			instance->engine->payload_set(instance, i, 0, NULL, 0);
		}
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Clear the rx primary mapping flag on all other matching mappings.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs that need rx clearing.
 * \param to_match Payload type object to compare against.
 *
 * \note It is assumed that codecs is write locked before calling.
 */
static void payload_mapping_rx_clear_primary(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_payload_type *to_match)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *current;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type;
	struct timeval now;

	if (!to_match->primary_mapping) {
		return;
	}

	now = ast_tvnow();
	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
		current = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx);

		if (!current || current == to_match || !current->primary_mapping) {
			continue;
		}
		if (current->asterisk_format && to_match->asterisk_format) {
			if (ast_format_cmp(current->format, to_match->format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL) {
				continue;
			}
		} else if (!current->asterisk_format && !to_match->asterisk_format) {
			if (current->rtp_code != to_match->rtp_code) {
				continue;
			}
		} else {
			continue;
		}

		/* Replace current with non-primary marked version */
		new_type = ast_rtp_engine_alloc_payload_type();
		if (!new_type) {
			continue;
		}
		*new_type = *current;
		new_type->primary_mapping = 0;
		new_type->when_retired = now;
		ao2_bump(new_type->format);
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx, new_type);
		ao2_ref(current, -1);
	}
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Put the new_type into the rx payload type mapping.
 * \since 21.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs structure to put new_type into
 * \param payload type position to replace.
 * \param new_type RTP payload mapping object to store.
 * \param replace Clear the primary flag
 *
 * \note It is assumed that codecs is write locked before calling.
 */
static void rtp_codecs_payload_set_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload, struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type, int replace)
{
	ao2_ref(new_type, +1);
	if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx)) {
		ao2_t_cleanup(AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, payload),
			"cleaning up rx mapping vector element about to be replaced");
	}
	if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, payload, new_type)) {
		ao2_ref(new_type, -1);
		return;
	}

	if (replace)	{
		payload_mapping_rx_clear_primary(codecs, new_type);
	}
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Put the new_type into the rx payload type mapping.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs structure to put new_type into
 * \param payload type position to replace.
 * \param new_type RTP payload mapping object to store.
 *
 * \note It is assumed that codecs is write locked before calling.
 */
static void rtp_codecs_payload_replace_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload, struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type) {
	rtp_codecs_payload_set_rx(codecs, payload, new_type, 1);
}


/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Copy the rx payload type mapping to the destination.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param src The source codecs structure
 * \param dest The destination codecs structure that the values from src will be copied to
 * \param instance Optionally the instance that the dst codecs structure belongs to
 *
 * \note It is assumed that src is at least read locked before calling.
 * \note It is assumed that dest is write locked before calling.
 */
static void rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *src, struct ast_rtp_codecs *dest, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&src->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&src->payload_mapping_rx, idx);
		if (!type) {
			continue;
		}

		ast_debug(2, "Copying rx payload mapping %d (%p) from %p to %p\n",
			idx, type, src, dest);
		rtp_codecs_payload_replace_rx(dest, idx, type);

		if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
			ao2_lock(instance);
			instance->engine->payload_set(instance, idx, type->asterisk_format, type->format, type->rtp_code);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
		}
	}
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Determine if a type of payload is already present in mappings.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs to be checked for mappings.
 * \param to_match Payload type object to compare against.
 *
 * \note It is assumed that codecs is write locked before calling.
 *
 * \retval 0 not found
 * \retval 1 found
 */
static int payload_mapping_tx_is_present(const struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, const struct ast_rtp_payload_type *to_match)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *current;

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		current = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, idx);

		if (!current) {
			continue;
		}
		if (current == to_match) {
			/* The exact object is already in the mapping. */
			return 1;
		}
		if (current->asterisk_format && to_match->asterisk_format) {
			if (ast_format_get_codec_id(current->format) != ast_format_get_codec_id(to_match->format)) {
				continue;
			} else if (current->payload == to_match->payload) {
				return 0;
			}
		} else if (!current->asterisk_format && !to_match->asterisk_format) {
			if (current->rtp_code != to_match->rtp_code) {
				continue;
			} else if (to_match->rtp_code == AST_RTP_DTMF && current->sample_rate != to_match->sample_rate) {
				/* it is possible for multiple DTMF types to exist with different sample rates */
				continue;
			}
		} else {
			continue;
		}

		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_payload_mapping_tx_is_present(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, const struct ast_rtp_payload_type *to_match) {
	int ret = 0;
	if (codecs && to_match) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		ret = payload_mapping_tx_is_present(codecs, to_match);
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	}
	return ret;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Copy the tx payload type mapping to the destination.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param src The source codecs structure
 * \param dest The destination codecs structure that the values from src will be copied to
 * \param instance Optionally the instance that the dst codecs structure belongs to
 *
 * \note It is assumed that src is at least read locked before calling.
 * \note It is assumed that dest is write locked before calling.
 */
static void rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_tx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *src, struct ast_rtp_codecs *dest, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&src->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&src->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
		if (!type) {
			continue;
		}

		ast_debug(2, "Copying tx payload mapping %d (%p) from %p to %p\n",
			idx, type, src, dest);
		ao2_ref(type, +1);
		if (idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&dest->payload_mapping_tx)) {
			ao2_t_cleanup(AST_VECTOR_GET(&dest->payload_mapping_tx, idx),
				"cleaning up tx mapping vector element about to be replaced");
		}
		if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&dest->payload_mapping_tx, idx, type)) {
			ao2_ref(type, -1);
			continue;
		}

		if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
			ao2_lock(instance);
			instance->engine->payload_set(instance, idx, type->asterisk_format, type->format, type->rtp_code);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
		}
	}
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_copy(struct ast_rtp_codecs *src, struct ast_rtp_codecs *dest, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);

	/* Deadlock avoidance because of held write lock. */
	while (ast_rwlock_tryrdlock(&src->codecs_lock)) {
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
		sched_yield();
		ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
	}

	/*
	 * This represents a completely new mapping of what the remote party is
	 * expecting for payloads, so we clear out the entire tx payload mapping
	 * vector and replace it.
	 */
	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&dest->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&dest->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
		ao2_t_cleanup(type, "destroying ast_rtp_codec tx mapping");
		AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&dest->payload_mapping_tx, idx, NULL);
	}

	rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_rx(src, dest, instance);
	rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_tx(src, dest, instance);
	dest->framing = src->framing;
	ao2_replace(dest->preferred_format, src->preferred_format);
	dest->preferred_dtmf_rate = src->preferred_dtmf_rate;
	dest->preferred_dtmf_pt = src->preferred_dtmf_pt;

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&src->codecs_lock);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_merge(struct ast_rtp_codecs *src, struct ast_rtp_codecs *dest, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);

	/* Deadlock avoidance because of held write lock. */
	while (ast_rwlock_tryrdlock(&src->codecs_lock)) {
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
		sched_yield();
		ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
	}

	/*
	 * Unlike ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_copy(), do not clear destination tx mappings first.
	 * For each tx payload index present in src, copy it into dest (replacing dest at that
	 * same index). Any destination tx mappings at indexes not present in src are retained.
	 *
	 * This also refreshes rx mappings from src and updates dest framing, but intentionally
	 * preserves dest preferred format and preferred DTMF settings.
	 */

	rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_rx(src, dest, instance);
	rtp_codecs_payloads_copy_tx(src, dest, instance);
	dest->framing = src->framing;

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&src->codecs_lock);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_xover(struct ast_rtp_codecs *src, struct ast_rtp_codecs *dest, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int idx;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
	if (src != dest) {
		/* Deadlock avoidance because of held write lock. */
		while (ast_rwlock_tryrdlock(&src->codecs_lock)) {
			ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
			sched_yield();
			ast_rwlock_wrlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
		}
	}

	/* Crossover copy payload type tx mapping to rx mapping. */
	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&src->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&src->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
		if (!type) {
			continue;
		}

		/* All tx mapping elements should have the primary flag set. */
		ast_assert(type->primary_mapping);

		ast_debug(2, "Crossover copying tx to rx payload mapping %d (%p) from %p to %p\n",
			idx, type, src, dest);
		rtp_codecs_payload_replace_rx(dest, idx, type);

		if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
			ao2_lock(instance);
			instance->engine->payload_set(instance, idx, type->asterisk_format, type->format, type->rtp_code);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
		}
	}

	dest->framing = src->framing;
	ao2_replace(dest->preferred_format, src->preferred_format);
	dest->preferred_dtmf_rate = src->preferred_dtmf_rate;
	dest->preferred_dtmf_pt = src->preferred_dtmf_pt;

	if (src != dest) {
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&src->codecs_lock);
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&dest->codecs_lock);
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_set_m_type(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int payload)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type;

	if (payload < 0 || payload >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT || payload > AST_RTP_PT_LAST_STATIC) {
		return;
	}

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	new_type = ao2_bump(static_RTP_PT[payload]);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	if (!new_type) {
		ast_debug(1, "Don't have a default tx payload type %d format for m type on %p\n",
			payload, codecs);
		return;
	}

	ast_debug(1, "Setting tx payload type %d based on m type on %p\n",
		payload, codecs);

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	if (!payload_mapping_tx_is_present(codecs, new_type)) {
		if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
			ao2_t_cleanup(AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload),
				"cleaning up replaced tx payload type");
		}

		if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload, new_type)) {
			ao2_ref(new_type, -1);
		} else if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
			ao2_lock(instance);
			instance->engine->payload_set(instance, payload, new_type->asterisk_format, new_type->format, new_type->rtp_code);
			ao2_unlock(instance);
		}
	} else {
		ao2_ref(new_type, -1);
	}

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_set_rtpmap_type_rate(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int pt,
				 char *mimetype, char *mimesubtype,
				 enum ast_rtp_options options,
				 unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	unsigned int idx;
	int found = 0;

	if (pt < 0 || pt >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT) {
		return -1; /* bogus payload type */
	}

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&mime_types_lock);
	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	for (idx = 0; idx < mime_types_len; ++idx) {
		const struct ast_rtp_mime_type *t = &ast_rtp_mime_types[idx];
		struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type;

		if (strcasecmp(mimesubtype, t->subtype)) {
			continue;
		}

		if (strcasecmp(mimetype, t->type)) {
			continue;
		}

		/* if both sample rates have been supplied, and they don't match,
		 * then this not a match; if one has not been supplied, then the
		 * rates are not compared */
		if (sample_rate && t->sample_rate &&
			(sample_rate != t->sample_rate)) {
			continue;
		}

		found = 1;

		new_type = ast_rtp_engine_alloc_payload_type();
		if (!new_type) {
			continue;
		}

		new_type->asterisk_format = t->payload_type.asterisk_format;
		new_type->rtp_code = t->payload_type.rtp_code;
		new_type->payload = pt;
		new_type->primary_mapping = 1;
		new_type->sample_rate = sample_rate;
		if (t->payload_type.asterisk_format
			&& ast_format_cmp(t->payload_type.format, ast_format_g726) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL
			&& (options & AST_RTP_OPT_G726_NONSTANDARD)) {
			new_type->format = ast_format_g726_aal2;
		} else {
			new_type->format = t->payload_type.format;
		}

		if (new_type->format) {
			/* SDP parsing automatically increases the reference count */
			new_type->format = ast_format_parse_sdp_fmtp(new_type->format, "");
		}

		if (!payload_mapping_tx_is_present(codecs, new_type)) {
			if (pt < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
				ao2_t_cleanup(AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, pt),
					"cleaning up replaced tx payload type");
			}

			if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, pt, new_type)) {
				ao2_ref(new_type, -1);
			} else if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
				ao2_lock(instance);
				instance->engine->payload_set(instance, pt, new_type->asterisk_format, new_type->format, new_type->rtp_code);
				ao2_unlock(instance);
			}
		} else {
			ao2_ref(new_type, -1);
		}

		break;
	}

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);

	return (found ? 0 : -2);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_set_rtpmap_type(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int payload, char *mimetype, char *mimesubtype, enum ast_rtp_options options)
{
	return ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_set_rtpmap_type_rate(codecs, instance, payload, mimetype, mimesubtype, options, 0);
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_unset(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int payload)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	if (payload < 0 || payload >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT) {
		return;
	}

	ast_debug(2, "Unsetting payload %d on %p\n", payload, codecs);

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload);
		/*
		 * Remove the preferred format if we are unsetting its container.
		 *
		 * There can be empty slots in payload_mapping_tx corresponding to
		 * dynamic payload types that haven't been seen before so we need
		 * to check for NULL before attempting to use 'type' in the call to
		 * ast_format_cmp.
		 */
		if (type) {
			if (ast_format_cmp(type->format, codecs->preferred_format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) {
				ao2_replace(codecs->preferred_format, NULL);
			}
			ao2_ref(type, -1);
			AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload, NULL);
		}
	}

	if (instance && instance->engine && instance->engine->payload_set) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->payload_set(instance, payload, 0, NULL, 0);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
}

enum ast_media_type ast_rtp_codecs_get_stream_type(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	enum ast_media_type stream_type = AST_MEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
	int payload;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	for (payload = 0; payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++payload) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, payload);
		if (type && type->asterisk_format) {
			stream_type = ast_format_get_type(type->format);
			break;
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	return stream_type;
}

struct ast_rtp_payload_type *ast_rtp_codecs_get_payload(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type = NULL;

	if (payload < 0 || payload >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT) {
		return NULL;
	}

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx)) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, payload);
		ao2_bump(type);
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	if (!type && payload <= AST_RTP_PT_LAST_STATIC) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
		type = ao2_bump(static_RTP_PT[payload]);
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	}

	return type;
}

struct ast_format *ast_rtp_codecs_get_preferred_format(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	struct ast_format *format;
	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	format = ao2_bump(codecs->preferred_format);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	return format;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_set_preferred_format(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_format *format)
{
	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	ao2_replace(codecs->preferred_format, format);
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_get_preferred_dtmf_format_pt(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	int pt = -1;
	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	pt = codecs->preferred_dtmf_pt;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	return pt;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_get_preferred_dtmf_format_rate(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	int rate = -1;
	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	rate = codecs->preferred_dtmf_rate;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	return rate;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_set_preferred_dtmf_format(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int pt, int rate)
{
	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	codecs->preferred_dtmf_pt = pt;
	codecs->preferred_dtmf_rate = rate;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_replace_format(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload, struct ast_format *format)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	if (payload < 0 || payload >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT || !format) {
		return -1;
	}

	type = ast_rtp_engine_alloc_payload_type();
	if (!type) {
		return -1;
	}
	ao2_ref(format, +1);
	type->format = format;
	type->asterisk_format = 1;
	type->payload = payload;
	type->primary_mapping = 1;

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	if (!payload_mapping_tx_is_present(codecs, type)) {
		if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
			ao2_cleanup(AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload));
		}
		if (AST_VECTOR_REPLACE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload, type)) {
			ao2_ref(type, -1);
		}
	} else {
		ao2_ref(type, -1);
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	return 0;
}

struct ast_format *ast_rtp_codecs_get_payload_format(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;
	struct ast_format *format = NULL;

	if (payload < 0 || payload >= AST_RTP_MAX_PT) {
		return NULL;
	}

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload);
		if (type && type->asterisk_format) {
			format = ao2_bump(type->format);
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	return format;
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_set_framing(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, unsigned int framing)
{
	if (!framing) {
		return;
	}

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	codecs->framing = framing;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
}

unsigned int ast_rtp_codecs_get_framing(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	unsigned int framing;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	framing = codecs->framing;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	return framing;
}

void ast_rtp_codecs_payload_formats(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, struct ast_format_cap *astformats, int *nonastformats)
{
	int idx;

	ast_format_cap_remove_by_type(astformats, AST_MEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN);
	*nonastformats = 0;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
		struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
		if (!type) {
			continue;
		}

		if (type->asterisk_format) {
			ast_format_cap_append(astformats, type->format, 0);
		} else {
			*nonastformats |= type->rtp_code;
		}
	}
	if (codecs->framing) {
		ast_format_cap_set_framing(astformats, codecs->framing);
	}

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Find the static payload type mapping for the format.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param asterisk_format Non-zero if the given Asterisk format is present
 * \param format Asterisk format to look for
 * \param code The non-Asterisk format code to look for
 *
 * \note It is assumed that static_RTP_PT_lock is at least read locked before calling.
 *
 * \return Numerical payload type
 * \retval -1 if not found.
 */
static int find_static_payload_type(int asterisk_format, const struct ast_format *format, int code)
{
	int idx;
	int payload = -1;

	if (!asterisk_format) {
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_RTP_MAX_PT; ++idx) {
			if (static_RTP_PT[idx]
				&& !static_RTP_PT[idx]->asterisk_format
				&& static_RTP_PT[idx]->rtp_code == code) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
	} else if (format) {
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_RTP_MAX_PT; ++idx) {
			if (static_RTP_PT[idx]
				&& static_RTP_PT[idx]->asterisk_format
				&& ast_format_cmp(format, static_RTP_PT[idx]->format)
					!= AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	return payload;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Find the first unused payload type in a given range
 *
 * \param codecs The codec structure to look in
 * \param start Starting index
 * \param end Ending index
 * \param ignore Skip these payloads types
 *
 * \note The static_RTP_PT_lock object must be locked before calling
 *
 * \return Numerical payload type
 * \retval -1 if not found.
 */
static int find_unused_payload_in_range(const struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs,
		int start, int end, struct ast_rtp_payload_type *ignore[])
{
	int x;

	for (x = start; x < end; ++x) {
		struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

		if (ignore[x]) {
			continue;
		} else if (!codecs || x >= AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx)) {
			return x;
		}

		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, x);
		if (!type) {
			return x;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Find an unused payload type
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs structure to look in
 *
 * \note Both static_RTP_PT_lock and codecs (if given) must be at least
 *       read locked before calling.
 *
 * \return Numerical payload type
 * \retval -1 if not found.
 */
static int find_unused_payload(const struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	int res;

	/* find next available dynamic payload slot */
	res = find_unused_payload_in_range(
		codecs, AST_RTP_PT_FIRST_DYNAMIC, AST_RTP_MAX_PT, static_RTP_PT);
	if (res != -1) {
		return res;
	}

	if (ast_option_rtpusedynamic) {
		/*
		 * We're using default values for some dynamic types. So if an unused
		 * slot was not found try again, but this time ignore the default
		 * values declared for dynamic types (except for 101 and 121) .
		 */
		static struct ast_rtp_payload_type *ignore[AST_RTP_MAX_PT] = {0};

		ignore[101] = static_RTP_PT[101];
		ignore[121] = static_RTP_PT[121];

		res = find_unused_payload_in_range(
			codecs, AST_RTP_PT_FIRST_DYNAMIC, AST_RTP_MAX_PT, ignore);
		if (res != -1) {
			return res;
		}
	}

	/* http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters
	 * RFC 3551, Section 3: "[...] applications which need to define more
	 * than 32 dynamic payload types MAY bind codes below 96, in which case
	 * it is RECOMMENDED that unassigned payload type numbers be used
	 * first". Updated by RFC 5761, Section 4: "[...] values in the range
	 * 64-95 MUST NOT be used [to avoid conflicts with RTCP]". Summaries:
	 * https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-roach-mmusic-unified-plan#section-3.2.1.2
	 * https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wu-avtcore-dynamic-pt-usage#section-3
	 */
	res = find_unused_payload_in_range(
		codecs, MAX(ast_option_rtpptdynamic, AST_RTP_PT_LAST_STATIC + 1),
		AST_RTP_PT_LAST_REASSIGN, static_RTP_PT);
	if (res != -1) {
		return res;
	}

	/* Yet, reusing mappings below AST_RTP_PT_LAST_STATIC (35) is not supported
	 * in Asterisk because when Compact Headers are activated, no rtpmap is
	 * send for those below 35. If you want to use 35 and below
	 * A) do not use Compact Headers,
	 * B) remove that code in res_pjsip, or
	 * C) add a flag that this RTP Payload Type got reassigned dynamically
	 *    and requires a rtpmap even with Compact Headers enabled.
	 */
	res = find_unused_payload_in_range(
		codecs, MAX(ast_option_rtpptdynamic, 20),
		AST_RTP_PT_LAST_STATIC + 1, static_RTP_PT);
	if (res != -1) {
		return res;
	}

	return find_unused_payload_in_range(
		codecs, MAX(ast_option_rtpptdynamic, 0),
		20, static_RTP_PT);
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Find the oldest non-primary dynamic rx payload type.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs structure to look in
 *
 * \note It is assumed that codecs is at least read locked before calling.
 *
 * \return Numerical payload type
 * \retval -1 if not found.
 */
static int rtp_codecs_find_non_primary_dynamic_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;
	struct timeval oldest;
	int idx;
	int payload = -1;

	idx = AST_RTP_PT_FIRST_DYNAMIC;
	for (; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx);
		if (type
			&& !type->primary_mapping
			&& (payload == -1
				|| ast_tvdiff_ms(type->when_retired, oldest) < 0)) {
			oldest = type->when_retired;
			payload = idx;
		}
	}
	return payload;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Assign a payload type for the rx mapping.
 * \since 14.0.0
 *
 * \param codecs Codecs structure to look in
 * \param asterisk_format Non-zero if the given Asterisk format is present
 * \param format Asterisk format to look for
 * \param code The format to look for
 * \param explicit Require the provided code to be explicitly used
 *
 * \note It is assumed that static_RTP_PT_lock is at least read locked before calling.
 *
 * \return Numerical payload type
 * \retval -1 if could not assign.
 */
static int rtp_codecs_assign_payload_code_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int asterisk_format, struct ast_format *format, int code, int explicit, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	int payload = code, i;
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *new_type;
	static struct ast_rtp_payload_type *ignore[AST_RTP_MAX_PT] = {0};

	if (!explicit) {
		payload = find_static_payload_type(asterisk_format, format, code);

		if (payload < 0 && (!asterisk_format || !ast_option_rtpusedynamic)) {
			return payload;
		}
	}

	new_type = rtp_payload_type_alloc(format, payload, code, 1, sample_rate);
	if (!new_type) {
		return -1;
	}

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	/* Go through the existing mapping to create an ignore list. */
	for (i = 0; i < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); i++) {
		if (AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, i)) {
			ignore[i] = static_RTP_PT[i];
		}
	}


	if (payload > -1 && (payload < AST_RTP_PT_FIRST_DYNAMIC
		|| AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx) <= payload
		|| !AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, payload))) {

		/*
		 * The payload type is a static assignment
		 * or our default dynamic position is available.
		 */
		rtp_codecs_payload_replace_rx(codecs, payload, new_type);
	} else if (payload > -1 && !explicit
				/* We can either call this with the full list or the current rx list. The former
				 * (static_RTP_PT) results in payload types skipping statically 'used' slots so you
				 * get 101, 113...
				 * With the latter (the built ignore list) you get what's expected 101, 102, 103 under
				 * most circumstances, but this results in static types being replaced.  Probably fine
				 * because we preclude the current list.
				 */
				&& (-1 < (payload = find_unused_payload_in_range(codecs, payload, AST_RTP_MAX_PT, ignore)))) {
		/*
		 * Our dynamic position is currently in use.
		 * Try for the numerically next free one before trying
		 * across the full range. This keeps the payload id's
		 * in the best numerical order we can through the free
		 * types.
		 */
		new_type->payload = payload;
		/*
		 * In this case, consider this the primary mapping for
		 * the payload type so don't clear it. Set not replace.
		 */
		rtp_codecs_payload_set_rx(codecs, payload, new_type, 0);
	} else if (!explicit && (-1 < (payload = find_unused_payload(codecs))
			|| -1 < (payload = rtp_codecs_find_non_primary_dynamic_rx(codecs)))) {
		/*
		 * We found the first available empty dynamic position
		 * or we found a mapping that should no longer be
		 * actively used.
		 */
		new_type->payload = payload;
		rtp_codecs_payload_replace_rx(codecs, payload, new_type);
	} else if (explicit) {
		/*
		* They explicitly requested this payload number be used but it couldn't be
		*/
		payload = -1;
	} else {
		/*
		 * There are no empty or non-primary dynamic positions
		 * left.  Sadness.
		 *
		 * I don't think this is really possible.
		 */
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No dynamic RTP payload type values available "
			"for %s - %d!\n", format ? ast_format_get_name(format) : "", code);
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	ao2_ref(new_type, -1);

	return payload;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int asterisk_format, struct ast_format *format, int code)
{
	return ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_sample_rate(codecs, asterisk_format, format, code, 0);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_sample_rate(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int asterisk_format, struct ast_format *format, int code, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;
	int idx;
	int payload = -1;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	if (!asterisk_format) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
			type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx);
			if (!type) {
				continue;
			}

			if (!type->asterisk_format
				&& type->primary_mapping
				&& type->rtp_code == code
				&& (sample_rate == 0 || type->sample_rate == sample_rate)) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	} else if (format) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx); ++idx) {
			type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_rx, idx);
			if (!type) {
				continue;
			}

			if (type->asterisk_format
				&& type->primary_mapping
				&& ast_format_cmp(format, type->format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	}

	if (payload < 0) {
		payload = rtp_codecs_assign_payload_code_rx(codecs, asterisk_format, format,
			code, 0, sample_rate);
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

	return payload;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_set_rx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int code, struct ast_format *format)
{
	return rtp_codecs_assign_payload_code_rx(codecs, 1, format, code, 1, 0);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_set_rx_sample_rate(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int code, struct ast_format *format, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	return rtp_codecs_assign_payload_code_rx(codecs, 1, format, code, 0, sample_rate);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_tx_sample_rate(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int asterisk_format, const struct ast_format *format, int code, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;
	int idx;
	int payload = -1;

	if (!asterisk_format) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
			type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
			if (!type) {
				continue;
			}

			if (!type->asterisk_format
				&& type->rtp_code == code
				/* Multiple DTMF types share an rtp code but have different sample rates.  To ensure we have the right
				   type we therefore need the sample rate as well as the format and code.  Other types have a fixed
				   sample rate so this is not needed. For those pass in a sample rate of 0 or use ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_tx. */
				&& (sample_rate == 0 || type->sample_rate == sample_rate)) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	} else if (format) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		for (idx = 0; idx < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx); ++idx) {
			type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, idx);
			if (!type) {
				continue;
			}

			if (type->asterisk_format
				&& ast_format_cmp(format, type->format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) {
				payload = idx;
				break;
			}
		}
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	}

	if (payload < 0) {
		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
		payload = find_static_payload_type(asterisk_format, format, code);
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

		/*
		 * Comfort noise is NOT used as an SDP negotiated format within Asterisk;
		 * instead, it is used when it is not negotiated. This special case allows
		 * its payload to be returned when not negotiated, allowing keep alive to
		 * function as expected.
		 */
		if (payload == 13 && code == AST_RTP_CN) {
			return payload;
		}

		ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
		if (payload >= 0 && payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)){
			type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload);
			if (!type || (sample_rate != 0 && type->sample_rate != sample_rate)) {
				/* Don't use the type if we can't find it or it doesn't match the supplied sample_rate */
				payload = -1;
			}
		}
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	}

	return payload;
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_tx(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int asterisk_format, const struct ast_format *format, int code)
{
	return ast_rtp_codecs_payload_code_tx_sample_rate(codecs, asterisk_format, format, code, 0);
}

int ast_rtp_codecs_find_payload_code(struct ast_rtp_codecs *codecs, int payload)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;
	int res = -1;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);
	if (payload < AST_VECTOR_SIZE(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx)) {
		type = AST_VECTOR_GET(&codecs->payload_mapping_tx, payload);
		if (type) {
			res = payload;
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&codecs->codecs_lock);

	return res;
}

const char *ast_rtp_lookup_mime_subtype2(const int asterisk_format,
	const struct ast_format *format, int code, enum ast_rtp_options options)
{
	int i;
	const char *res = "";

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&mime_types_lock);
	for (i = 0; i < mime_types_len; i++) {
		if (ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.asterisk_format && asterisk_format && format &&
			(ast_format_cmp(format, ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.format) != AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL)) {
			if ((ast_format_cmp(format, ast_format_g726_aal2) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) &&
					(options & AST_RTP_OPT_G726_NONSTANDARD)) {
				res = "G726-32";
				break;
			} else {
				res = ast_rtp_mime_types[i].subtype;
				break;
			}
		} else if (!ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.asterisk_format && !asterisk_format &&
			ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.rtp_code == code) {

			res = ast_rtp_mime_types[i].subtype;
			break;
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);

	return res;
}

unsigned int ast_rtp_lookup_sample_rate2(int asterisk_format,
	const struct ast_format *format, int code)
{
	unsigned int i;
	unsigned int res = 0;

	ast_rwlock_rdlock(&mime_types_lock);
	for (i = 0; i < mime_types_len; ++i) {
		if (ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.asterisk_format && asterisk_format && format &&
			(ast_format_cmp(format, ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.format) != AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL)) {
			res = ast_rtp_mime_types[i].sample_rate;
			break;
		} else if (!ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.asterisk_format && !asterisk_format &&
			ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.rtp_code == code) {
			res = ast_rtp_mime_types[i].sample_rate;
			break;
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);

	return res;
}

char *ast_rtp_lookup_mime_multiple2(struct ast_str *buf, struct ast_format_cap *ast_format_capability, int rtp_capability, const int asterisk_format, enum ast_rtp_options options)
{
	int found = 0;
	const char *name;
	if (!buf) {
		return NULL;
	}


	if (asterisk_format) {
		int x;
		struct ast_format *tmp_fmt;
		for (x = 0; x < ast_format_cap_count(ast_format_capability); x++) {
			tmp_fmt = ast_format_cap_get_format(ast_format_capability, x);
			name = ast_rtp_lookup_mime_subtype2(asterisk_format, tmp_fmt, 0, options);
			ao2_ref(tmp_fmt, -1);
			ast_str_append(&buf, 0, "%s|", name);
			found = 1;
		}
	} else {
		int x;
		ast_str_append(&buf, 0, "0x%x (", (unsigned int) rtp_capability);
		for (x = 1; x <= AST_RTP_MAX; x <<= 1) {
			if (rtp_capability & x) {
				name = ast_rtp_lookup_mime_subtype2(asterisk_format, NULL, x, options);
				ast_str_append(&buf, 0, "%s|", name);
				found = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	ast_str_append(&buf, 0, "%s", found ? ")" : "nothing)");

	return ast_str_buffer(buf);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_dtmf_begin(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, char digit)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->dtmf_begin) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->dtmf_begin(instance, digit);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_dtmf_end(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, char digit)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->dtmf_end) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->dtmf_end(instance, digit);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_dtmf_end_with_duration(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, char digit, unsigned int duration)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->dtmf_end_with_duration) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->dtmf_end_with_duration(instance, digit, duration);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_dtmf_mode_set(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, enum ast_rtp_dtmf_mode dtmf_mode)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->dtmf_mode_set) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->dtmf_mode_set(instance, dtmf_mode);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

enum ast_rtp_dtmf_mode ast_rtp_instance_dtmf_mode_get(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->dtmf_mode_get) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->dtmf_mode_get(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = 0;
	}
	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_update_source(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (instance->engine->update_source) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->update_source(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}
}

void ast_rtp_instance_change_source(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (instance->engine->change_source) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->change_source(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_qos(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int tos, int cos, const char *desc)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->qos) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->qos(instance, tos, cos, desc);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_stop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (instance->engine->stop) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->stop(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	}
}

int ast_rtp_instance_fd(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int rtcp)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->fd) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->fd(instance, rtcp);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

struct ast_rtp_glue *ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(const char *type)
{
	struct ast_rtp_glue *glue = NULL;

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&glues);

	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&glues, glue, entry) {
		if (!strcasecmp(glue->type, type)) {
			break;
		}
	}

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&glues);

	return glue;
}

/*!
 * \brief Conditionally unref an rtp instance
 */
static void unref_instance_cond(struct ast_rtp_instance **instance)
{
	if (*instance) {
		ao2_ref(*instance, -1);
		*instance = NULL;
	}
}

struct ast_rtp_instance *ast_rtp_instance_get_bridged(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance *bridged;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	bridged = instance->bridged;
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return bridged;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_bridged(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_rtp_instance *bridged)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->bridged = bridged;
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

void ast_rtp_instance_early_bridge_make_compatible(struct ast_channel *c_dst, struct ast_channel *c_src)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance *instance_dst = NULL, *instance_src = NULL,
		*vinstance_dst = NULL, *vinstance_src = NULL,
		*tinstance_dst = NULL, *tinstance_src = NULL;
	struct ast_rtp_glue *glue_dst, *glue_src;
	enum ast_rtp_glue_result audio_glue_dst_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID, video_glue_dst_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	enum ast_rtp_glue_result audio_glue_src_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID, video_glue_src_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	struct ast_format_cap *cap_dst = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT);
	struct ast_format_cap *cap_src = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT);

	/* Lock both channels so we can look for the glue that binds them together */
	ast_channel_lock_both(c_dst, c_src);

	if (!cap_src || !cap_dst) {
		goto done;
	}

	/* Grab glue that binds each channel to something using the RTP engine */
	if (!(glue_dst = ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(ast_channel_tech(c_dst)->type)) || !(glue_src = ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(ast_channel_tech(c_src)->type))) {
		ast_debug(1, "Can't find native functions for channel '%s'\n", glue_dst ? ast_channel_name(c_src) : ast_channel_name(c_dst));
		goto done;
	}

	audio_glue_dst_res = glue_dst->get_rtp_info(c_dst, &instance_dst);
	video_glue_dst_res = glue_dst->get_vrtp_info ? glue_dst->get_vrtp_info(c_dst, &vinstance_dst) : AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;

	audio_glue_src_res = glue_src->get_rtp_info(c_src, &instance_src);
	video_glue_src_res = glue_src->get_vrtp_info ? glue_src->get_vrtp_info(c_src, &vinstance_src) : AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;

	/* If we are carrying video, and both sides are not going to remotely bridge... fail the native bridge */
	if (video_glue_dst_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID && (audio_glue_dst_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || video_glue_dst_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE)) {
		audio_glue_dst_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	}
	if (video_glue_src_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID && (audio_glue_src_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || video_glue_src_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE)) {
		audio_glue_src_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	}
	if (audio_glue_dst_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE && (video_glue_dst_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID || video_glue_dst_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) && glue_dst->get_codec) {
		glue_dst->get_codec(c_dst, cap_dst);
	}
	if (audio_glue_src_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE && (video_glue_src_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID || video_glue_src_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) && glue_src->get_codec) {
		glue_src->get_codec(c_src, cap_src);
	}

	/* If any sort of bridge is forbidden just completely bail out and go back to generic bridging */
	if (audio_glue_dst_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || audio_glue_src_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) {
		goto done;
	}

	/* Make sure we have matching codecs */
	if (!ast_format_cap_iscompatible(cap_dst, cap_src)) {
		goto done;
	}

	ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_xover(&instance_src->codecs, &instance_dst->codecs, instance_dst);

	if (vinstance_dst && vinstance_src) {
		ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_xover(&vinstance_src->codecs, &vinstance_dst->codecs, vinstance_dst);
	}
	if (tinstance_dst && tinstance_src) {
		ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_xover(&tinstance_src->codecs, &tinstance_dst->codecs, tinstance_dst);
	}

	if (glue_dst->update_peer(c_dst, instance_src, vinstance_src, tinstance_src, cap_src, 0)) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Channel '%s' failed to setup early bridge to '%s'\n",
			ast_channel_name(c_dst), ast_channel_name(c_src));
	} else {
		ast_debug(1, "Seeded SDP of '%s' with that of '%s'\n",
			ast_channel_name(c_dst), ast_channel_name(c_src));
	}

done:
	ast_channel_unlock(c_dst);
	ast_channel_unlock(c_src);

	ao2_cleanup(cap_dst);
	ao2_cleanup(cap_src);

	unref_instance_cond(&instance_dst);
	unref_instance_cond(&instance_src);
	unref_instance_cond(&vinstance_dst);
	unref_instance_cond(&vinstance_src);
	unref_instance_cond(&tinstance_dst);
	unref_instance_cond(&tinstance_src);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_early_bridge(struct ast_channel *c0, struct ast_channel *c1)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance *instance0 = NULL, *instance1 = NULL,
			*vinstance0 = NULL, *vinstance1 = NULL,
			*tinstance0 = NULL, *tinstance1 = NULL;
	struct ast_rtp_glue *glue0, *glue1;
	enum ast_rtp_glue_result audio_glue0_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID, video_glue0_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	enum ast_rtp_glue_result audio_glue1_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID, video_glue1_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	struct ast_format_cap *cap0 = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT);
	struct ast_format_cap *cap1 = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT);

	/* If there is no second channel just immediately bail out, we are of no use in that scenario */
	if (!c1 || !cap1 || !cap0) {
		ao2_cleanup(cap0);
		ao2_cleanup(cap1);
		return -1;
	}

	/* Lock both channels so we can look for the glue that binds them together */
	ast_channel_lock_both(c0, c1);

	/* Grab glue that binds each channel to something using the RTP engine */
	if (!(glue0 = ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(ast_channel_tech(c0)->type)) || !(glue1 = ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(ast_channel_tech(c1)->type))) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Can't find native functions for channel '%s'\n", glue0 ? ast_channel_name(c1) : ast_channel_name(c0));
		goto done;
	}

	audio_glue0_res = glue0->get_rtp_info(c0, &instance0);
	video_glue0_res = glue0->get_vrtp_info ? glue0->get_vrtp_info(c0, &vinstance0) : AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;

	audio_glue1_res = glue1->get_rtp_info(c1, &instance1);
	video_glue1_res = glue1->get_vrtp_info ? glue1->get_vrtp_info(c1, &vinstance1) : AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;

	/* If we are carrying video, and both sides are not going to remotely bridge... fail the native bridge */
	if (video_glue0_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID && (audio_glue0_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || video_glue0_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE)) {
		audio_glue0_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	}
	if (video_glue1_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID && (audio_glue1_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || video_glue1_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE)) {
		audio_glue1_res = AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID;
	}
	if (audio_glue0_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE && (video_glue0_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID || video_glue0_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) && glue0->get_codec) {
		glue0->get_codec(c0, cap0);
	}
	if (audio_glue1_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE && (video_glue1_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_FORBID || video_glue1_res == AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) && glue1->get_codec) {
		glue1->get_codec(c1, cap1);
	}

	/* If any sort of bridge is forbidden just completely bail out and go back to generic bridging */
	if (audio_glue0_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE || audio_glue1_res != AST_RTP_GLUE_RESULT_REMOTE) {
		goto done;
	}

	/* Make sure we have matching codecs */
	if (!ast_format_cap_iscompatible(cap0, cap1)) {
		goto done;
	}

	/* Bridge media early */
	if (glue0->update_peer(c0, instance1, vinstance1, tinstance1, cap1, 0)) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Channel '%s' failed to setup early bridge to '%s'\n", ast_channel_name(c0), c1 ? ast_channel_name(c1) : "<unspecified>");
	}

done:
	ast_channel_unlock(c0);
	ast_channel_unlock(c1);

	ao2_cleanup(cap0);
	ao2_cleanup(cap1);

	unref_instance_cond(&instance0);
	unref_instance_cond(&instance1);
	unref_instance_cond(&vinstance0);
	unref_instance_cond(&vinstance1);
	unref_instance_cond(&tinstance0);
	unref_instance_cond(&tinstance1);

	ast_debug(1, "Setting early bridge SDP of '%s' with that of '%s'\n", ast_channel_name(c0), c1 ? ast_channel_name(c1) : "<unspecified>");

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_red_init(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int buffer_time, int *payloads, int generations)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->red_init) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->red_init(instance, buffer_time, payloads, generations);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_red_buffer(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_frame *frame)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->red_buffer) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->red_buffer(instance, frame);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_stats(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_rtp_instance_stats *stats, enum ast_rtp_instance_stat stat)
{
	int res;

	if (!instance || !instance->engine || !stats) {
		return -1;
	}

	if (instance->engine->get_stat) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->get_stat(instance, stats, stat);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

char *ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, enum ast_rtp_instance_stat_field field, char *buf, size_t size)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance_stats stats = { 0, };
	enum ast_rtp_instance_stat stat;

	/* Determine what statistics we will need to retrieve based on field passed in */
	if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY) {
		stat = AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_ALL;
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_JITTER) {
		stat = AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_COMBINED_JITTER;
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_LOSS) {
		stat = AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_COMBINED_LOSS;
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_RTT) {
		stat = AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_COMBINED_RTT;
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_MES) {
		stat = AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_COMBINED_MES;
	} else {
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Attempt to actually retrieve the statistics we need to generate the quality string */
	if (ast_rtp_instance_get_stats(instance, &stats, stat)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Now actually fill the buffer with the good information */
	if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY) {
		snprintf(buf, size, "ssrc=%u;themssrc=%u;lp=%u;rxjitter=%f;rxcount=%u;"
			"txjitter=%f;txcount=%u;rlp=%u;rtt=%f;rxmes=%f;txmes=%f",
			 stats.local_ssrc, stats.remote_ssrc, stats.rxploss, stats.rxjitter,
			 stats.rxcount, stats.txjitter, stats.txcount, stats.txploss, stats.rtt,
			 stats.rxmes, stats.txmes);
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_JITTER) {
		snprintf(buf, size, "minrxjitter=%010.6f;maxrxjitter=%010.6f;avgrxjitter=%010.6f;stdevrxjitter=%010.6f;mintxjitter=%010.6f;maxtxjitter=%010.6f;avgtxjitter=%010.6f;stdevtxjitter=%010.6f;",
			 stats.local_minjitter, stats.local_maxjitter, stats.local_normdevjitter, stats.local_stdevjitter, stats.remote_minjitter, stats.remote_maxjitter, stats.remote_normdevjitter, stats.remote_stdevjitter);
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_LOSS) {
		snprintf(buf, size, "  minrxlost=%010.6f;  maxrxlost=%010.6f;  avgrxlost=%010.6f;  stdevrxlost=%010.6f;  mintxlost=%010.6f;  maxtxlost=%010.6f;  avgtxlost=%010.6f;  stdevtxlost=%010.6f;",
			 stats.local_minrxploss, stats.local_maxrxploss, stats.local_normdevrxploss, stats.local_stdevrxploss, stats.remote_minrxploss, stats.remote_maxrxploss, stats.remote_normdevrxploss, stats.remote_stdevrxploss);
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_RTT) {
		snprintf(buf, size, "     minrtt=%010.6f;     maxrtt=%010.6f;     avgrtt=%010.6f;     stdevrtt=%010.6f;", stats.minrtt, stats.maxrtt, stats.normdevrtt, stats.stdevrtt);
	} else if (field == AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_MES) {
		snprintf(buf, size, "   minrxmes=%010.6f;   maxrxmes=%010.6f;   avgrxmes=%010.6f;   stdevrxmes=%010.6f;   mintxmes=%010.6f;   maxtxmes=%010.6f;   avgtxmes=%010.6f;   stdevtxmes=%010.6f;",
			 stats.local_minmes, stats.local_maxmes,
			 stats.local_normdevmes, stats.local_stdevmes,
			 stats.remote_minmes, stats.remote_maxmes,
			 stats.remote_normdevmes, stats.remote_stdevmes);
	}

	return buf;
}

#define SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER(var_prefix, field) \
({ \
	value = ast_rtp_instance_get_quality(instance, field, quality_buf, sizeof(quality_buf)); \
	if (value) { \
		if (!chanvars || ast_strlen_zero(ast_var_find(chanvars, var_prefix))) { \
			pbx_builtin_setvar_helper(chan, var_prefix, value); \
			chanchanges++; \
		} \
		if (bridge) { \
			if (!bridgevars || ast_strlen_zero(ast_var_find(bridgevars, var_prefix "BRIDGED"))) { \
				pbx_builtin_setvar_helper(bridge, var_prefix "BRIDGED", value); \
				bridgechanges++; \
			} \
		} \
	} \
})

/*!
 * \internal
 *
 * \warning Absolutely _NO_ channel locks should be held before calling this function.
 * If the channel is in a bridge, ast_rtp_instance_set_stats_vars() will
 * attempt to lock the bridge peer as well as this channel.  This can cause
 * a lock inversion if we already have this channel locked and another
 * thread tries to set bridge variables on the peer because it will have
 * locked the peer first, then this channel.  For this reason, we must
 * NOT have the channel locked when we call ast_rtp_instance_set_stats_vars().
 */
void ast_rtp_instance_set_stats_vars(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	char quality_buf[AST_MAX_USER_FIELD];
	char *value;
	struct ast_channel *bridge;
	struct varshead *chanvars = ast_channel_varshead(chan);
	struct varshead *bridgevars = NULL;
	int chanchanges = 0;
	int bridgechanges = 0;

	bridge = ast_channel_bridge_peer(chan);
	if (bridge) {
		bridgevars = ast_channel_varshead(bridge);
		ast_channel_lock_both(chan, bridge);
		ast_channel_stage_snapshot(bridge);
	} else {
		ast_channel_lock(chan);
	}
	ast_channel_stage_snapshot(chan);

	SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER("RTPAUDIOQOS", AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY);

	SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER("RTPAUDIOQOSJITTER", AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_JITTER);

	SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER("RTPAUDIOQOSLOSS", AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_LOSS);

	SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER("RTPAUDIOQOSRTT", AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_RTT);

	SET_STATS_VAR_HELPER("RTPAUDIOQOSMES", AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_FIELD_QUALITY_MES);

	if (chanchanges) {
		ast_channel_stage_snapshot_done(chan);
	} else {
		ast_clear_flag(ast_channel_flags(chan), AST_FLAG_SNAPSHOT_STAGE);
	}
	ast_channel_unlock(chan);
	if (bridge) {
		if (bridgechanges) {
			ast_channel_stage_snapshot_done(bridge);
		} else {
			ast_clear_flag(ast_channel_flags(bridge), AST_FLAG_SNAPSHOT_STAGE);
		}
		ast_channel_unlock(bridge);
		ast_channel_unref(bridge);
	}
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_read_format(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_format *format)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->set_read_format) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->set_read_format(instance, format);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_set_write_format(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_format *format)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->set_read_format) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->set_write_format(instance, format);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

/* XXX Nothing calls this */
int ast_rtp_instance_make_compatible(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_channel *peer)
{
	struct ast_rtp_glue *glue;
	struct ast_rtp_instance *peer_instance = NULL;
	int res = -1;

	if (!instance->engine->make_compatible) {
		return -1;
	}

	ast_channel_lock(peer);

	if (!(glue = ast_rtp_instance_get_glue(ast_channel_tech(peer)->type))) {
		ast_channel_unlock(peer);
		return -1;
	}

	glue->get_rtp_info(peer, &peer_instance);
	if (!peer_instance) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Unable to get_rtp_info for peer type %s\n", glue->type);
		ast_channel_unlock(peer);
		return -1;
	}
	if (peer_instance->engine != instance->engine) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Peer engine mismatch for type %s\n", glue->type);
		ast_channel_unlock(peer);
		ao2_ref(peer_instance, -1);
		return -1;
	}

	/*
	 * XXX Good thing nothing calls this function because we would need
	 * deadlock avoidance to get the two instance locks.
	 */
	res = instance->engine->make_compatible(chan, instance, peer, peer_instance);

	ast_channel_unlock(peer);

	ao2_ref(peer_instance, -1);
	peer_instance = NULL;

	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_available_formats(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_format_cap *to_endpoint, struct ast_format_cap *to_asterisk, struct ast_format_cap *result)
{
	if (instance->engine->available_formats) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		instance->engine->available_formats(instance, to_endpoint, to_asterisk, result);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
		if (ast_format_cap_count(result)) {
			return;
		}
	}

	ast_translate_available_formats(to_endpoint, to_asterisk, result);
}

int ast_rtp_instance_activate(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->activate) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->activate(instance);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = 0;
	}
	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_stun_request(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
				   struct ast_sockaddr *suggestion,
				   const char *username)
{
	if (instance->engine->stun_request) {
		instance->engine->stun_request(instance, suggestion, username);
	}
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_timeout(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int timeout)
{
	instance->timeout = timeout;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_hold_timeout(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int timeout)
{
	instance->holdtimeout = timeout;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_keepalive(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int interval)
{
	instance->keepalive = interval;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_timeout(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->timeout;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_hold_timeout(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->holdtimeout;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_keepalive(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->keepalive;
}

unsigned int ast_rtp_instance_get_port_start(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->rtp_port_start;
}

unsigned int ast_rtp_instance_get_port_end(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->rtp_port_end;
}

struct ast_rtp_engine *ast_rtp_instance_get_engine(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->engine;
}

struct ast_rtp_glue *ast_rtp_instance_get_active_glue(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->glue;
}

int ast_rtp_engine_register_srtp(struct ast_srtp_res *srtp_res, struct ast_srtp_policy_res *policy_res)
{
	if (res_srtp || res_srtp_policy) {
		return -1;
	}
	if (!srtp_res || !policy_res) {
		return -1;
	}

	res_srtp = srtp_res;
	res_srtp_policy = policy_res;

	return 0;
}

void ast_rtp_engine_unregister_srtp(void)
{
	res_srtp = NULL;
	res_srtp_policy = NULL;
}

int ast_rtp_engine_srtp_is_registered(void)
{
	return res_srtp && res_srtp_policy;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_add_srtp_policy(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, struct ast_srtp_policy *remote_policy, struct ast_srtp_policy *local_policy, int rtcp)
{
	int res = 0;
	struct ast_srtp **srtp;

	if (!res_srtp) {
		return -1;
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);

	srtp = rtcp ? &instance->rtcp_srtp : &instance->srtp;

	if (!*srtp) {
		res = res_srtp->create(srtp, instance, remote_policy);
	} else if (remote_policy) {
		res = res_srtp->replace(srtp, instance, remote_policy);
	}
	if (!res) {
		res = res_srtp->add_stream(*srtp, local_policy);
	}

	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return res;
}

struct ast_srtp *ast_rtp_instance_get_srtp(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int rtcp)
{
	if (rtcp && instance->rtcp_srtp) {
		return instance->rtcp_srtp;
	} else {
		return instance->srtp;
	}
}

int ast_rtp_instance_sendcng(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int level)
{
	int res;

	if (instance->engine->sendcng) {
		ao2_lock(instance);
		res = instance->engine->sendcng(instance, level);
		ao2_unlock(instance);
	} else {
		res = -1;
	}
	return res;
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_set_authentication(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, const char *ufrag, const char *password)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->set_authentication(instance, ufrag, password);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_add_remote_candidate(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, const struct ast_rtp_engine_ice_candidate *candidate)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->add_remote_candidate(instance, candidate);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_start(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->start(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_stop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->stop(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static const char *rtp_ice_wrap_get_ufrag(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	const char *ufrag;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	ufrag = instance->engine->ice->get_ufrag(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return ufrag;
}

static const char *rtp_ice_wrap_get_password(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	const char *password;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	password = instance->engine->ice->get_password(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return password;
}

static struct ao2_container *rtp_ice_wrap_get_local_candidates(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ao2_container *local_candidates;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	local_candidates = instance->engine->ice->get_local_candidates(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return local_candidates;
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_ice_lite(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->ice_lite(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_set_role(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	enum ast_rtp_ice_role role)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->set_role(instance, role);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_turn_request(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	enum ast_rtp_ice_component_type component, enum ast_transport transport,
	const char *server, unsigned int port, const char *username, const char *password)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->turn_request(instance, component, transport, server, port,
		username, password);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_ice_wrap_change_components(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	int num_components)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->ice->change_components(instance, num_components);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static struct ast_rtp_engine_ice rtp_ice_wrappers = {
	.set_authentication = rtp_ice_wrap_set_authentication,
	.add_remote_candidate = rtp_ice_wrap_add_remote_candidate,
	.start = rtp_ice_wrap_start,
	.stop = rtp_ice_wrap_stop,
	.get_ufrag = rtp_ice_wrap_get_ufrag,
	.get_password = rtp_ice_wrap_get_password,
	.get_local_candidates = rtp_ice_wrap_get_local_candidates,
	.ice_lite = rtp_ice_wrap_ice_lite,
	.set_role = rtp_ice_wrap_set_role,
	.turn_request = rtp_ice_wrap_turn_request,
	.change_components = rtp_ice_wrap_change_components,
};

struct ast_rtp_engine_ice *ast_rtp_instance_get_ice(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (instance->engine->ice) {
		return &rtp_ice_wrappers;
	}
	/* ICE not available */
	return NULL;
}

#ifdef TEST_FRAMEWORK
struct ast_rtp_engine_test *ast_rtp_instance_get_test(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	return instance->engine->test;
}
#endif

static int rtp_dtls_wrap_set_configuration(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	const struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *dtls_cfg)
{
	int set_configuration;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	set_configuration = instance->engine->dtls->set_configuration(instance, dtls_cfg);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return set_configuration;
}

static int rtp_dtls_wrap_active(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	int active;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	active = instance->engine->dtls->active(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return active;
}

static void rtp_dtls_wrap_stop(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->dtls->stop(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_dtls_wrap_reset(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->dtls->reset(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static enum ast_rtp_dtls_connection rtp_dtls_wrap_get_connection(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	enum ast_rtp_dtls_connection get_connection;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	get_connection = instance->engine->dtls->get_connection(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return get_connection;
}

static enum ast_rtp_dtls_setup rtp_dtls_wrap_get_setup(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	enum ast_rtp_dtls_setup get_setup;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	get_setup = instance->engine->dtls->get_setup(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return get_setup;
}

static void rtp_dtls_wrap_set_setup(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	enum ast_rtp_dtls_setup setup)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->dtls->set_setup(instance, setup);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static void rtp_dtls_wrap_set_fingerprint(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance,
	enum ast_rtp_dtls_hash hash, const char *fingerprint)
{
	ao2_lock(instance);
	instance->engine->dtls->set_fingerprint(instance, hash, fingerprint);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

static enum ast_rtp_dtls_hash rtp_dtls_wrap_get_fingerprint_hash(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	enum ast_rtp_dtls_hash get_fingerprint_hash;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	get_fingerprint_hash = instance->engine->dtls->get_fingerprint_hash(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return get_fingerprint_hash;
}

static const char *rtp_dtls_wrap_get_fingerprint(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	const char *get_fingerprint;

	ao2_lock(instance);
	get_fingerprint = instance->engine->dtls->get_fingerprint(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
	return get_fingerprint;
}

static struct ast_rtp_engine_dtls rtp_dtls_wrappers = {
	.set_configuration = rtp_dtls_wrap_set_configuration,
	.active = rtp_dtls_wrap_active,
	.stop = rtp_dtls_wrap_stop,
	.reset = rtp_dtls_wrap_reset,
	.get_connection = rtp_dtls_wrap_get_connection,
	.get_setup = rtp_dtls_wrap_get_setup,
	.set_setup = rtp_dtls_wrap_set_setup,
	.set_fingerprint = rtp_dtls_wrap_set_fingerprint,
	.get_fingerprint_hash = rtp_dtls_wrap_get_fingerprint_hash,
	.get_fingerprint = rtp_dtls_wrap_get_fingerprint,
};

struct ast_rtp_engine_dtls *ast_rtp_instance_get_dtls(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	if (instance->engine->dtls) {
		return &rtp_dtls_wrappers;
	}
	/* DTLS not available */
	return NULL;
}

int ast_rtp_dtls_cfg_parse(struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *dtls_cfg, const char *name, const char *value)
{
	if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsenable")) {
		dtls_cfg->enabled = ast_true(value) ? 1 : 0;
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsverify")) {
		if (!strcasecmp(value, "yes")) {
			dtls_cfg->verify = AST_RTP_DTLS_VERIFY_FINGERPRINT | AST_RTP_DTLS_VERIFY_CERTIFICATE;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "fingerprint")) {
			dtls_cfg->verify = AST_RTP_DTLS_VERIFY_FINGERPRINT;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "certificate")) {
			dtls_cfg->verify = AST_RTP_DTLS_VERIFY_CERTIFICATE;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "no")) {
			dtls_cfg->verify = AST_RTP_DTLS_VERIFY_NONE;
		} else {
			return -1;
		}
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsrekey")) {
		if (sscanf(value, "%30u", &dtls_cfg->rekey) != 1) {
			return -1;
		}
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsautogeneratecert")) {
		dtls_cfg->ephemeral_cert = ast_true(value) ? 1 : 0;
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlscertfile")) {
		if (!ast_strlen_zero(value) && !ast_file_is_readable(value)) {
			ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "%s file %s does not exist or is not readable\n", name, value);
			return -1;
		}
		ast_free(dtls_cfg->certfile);
		dtls_cfg->certfile = ast_strdup(value);
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsprivatekey")) {
		if (!ast_strlen_zero(value) && !ast_file_is_readable(value)) {
			ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "%s file %s does not exist or is not readable\n", name, value);
			return -1;
		}
		ast_free(dtls_cfg->pvtfile);
		dtls_cfg->pvtfile = ast_strdup(value);
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlscipher")) {
		ast_free(dtls_cfg->cipher);
		dtls_cfg->cipher = ast_strdup(value);
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlscafile")) {
		if (!ast_strlen_zero(value) && !ast_file_is_readable(value)) {
			ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "%s file %s does not exist or is not readable\n", name, value);
			return -1;
		}
		ast_free(dtls_cfg->cafile);
		dtls_cfg->cafile = ast_strdup(value);
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlscapath") || !strcasecmp(name, "dtlscadir")) {
		if (!ast_strlen_zero(value) && !ast_file_is_readable(value)) {
			ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "%s file %s does not exist or is not readable\n", name, value);
			return -1;
		}
		ast_free(dtls_cfg->capath);
		dtls_cfg->capath = ast_strdup(value);
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlssetup")) {
		if (!strcasecmp(value, "active")) {
			dtls_cfg->default_setup = AST_RTP_DTLS_SETUP_ACTIVE;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "passive")) {
			dtls_cfg->default_setup = AST_RTP_DTLS_SETUP_PASSIVE;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "actpass")) {
			dtls_cfg->default_setup = AST_RTP_DTLS_SETUP_ACTPASS;
		}
	} else if (!strcasecmp(name, "dtlsfingerprint")) {
		if (!strcasecmp(value, "sha-256")) {
			dtls_cfg->hash = AST_RTP_DTLS_HASH_SHA256;
		} else if (!strcasecmp(value, "sha-1")) {
			dtls_cfg->hash = AST_RTP_DTLS_HASH_SHA1;
		}
	} else {
		return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_dtls_cfg_validate(struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *dtls_cfg)
{
	if (dtls_cfg->ephemeral_cert) {
		if (!ast_strlen_zero(dtls_cfg->certfile)) {
			ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "You cannot request automatically generated certificates"
				" (dtls_auto_generate_cert) and also specify a certificate file"
				" (dtls_cert_file) at the same time\n");
			return -1;
		} else if (!ast_strlen_zero(dtls_cfg->pvtfile)
				  || !ast_strlen_zero(dtls_cfg->cafile)
				  || !ast_strlen_zero(dtls_cfg->capath)) {
			ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "dtls_pvt_file, dtls_cafile, and dtls_ca_path are"
				" ignored when dtls_auto_generate_cert is enabled\n");
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

void ast_rtp_dtls_cfg_copy(const struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *src_cfg, struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *dst_cfg)
{
	ast_rtp_dtls_cfg_free(dst_cfg);         /* Prevent a double-call leaking memory via ast_strdup */

	dst_cfg->enabled = src_cfg->enabled;
	dst_cfg->verify = src_cfg->verify;
	dst_cfg->rekey = src_cfg->rekey;
	dst_cfg->suite = src_cfg->suite;
	dst_cfg->hash = src_cfg->hash;
	dst_cfg->ephemeral_cert = src_cfg->ephemeral_cert;
	dst_cfg->certfile = ast_strdup(src_cfg->certfile);
	dst_cfg->pvtfile = ast_strdup(src_cfg->pvtfile);
	dst_cfg->cipher = ast_strdup(src_cfg->cipher);
	dst_cfg->cafile = ast_strdup(src_cfg->cafile);
	dst_cfg->capath = ast_strdup(src_cfg->capath);
	dst_cfg->default_setup = src_cfg->default_setup;
}

void ast_rtp_dtls_cfg_free(struct ast_rtp_dtls_cfg *dtls_cfg)
{
	ast_free(dtls_cfg->certfile);
	dtls_cfg->certfile = NULL;
	ast_free(dtls_cfg->pvtfile);
	dtls_cfg->pvtfile = NULL;
	ast_free(dtls_cfg->cipher);
	dtls_cfg->cipher = NULL;
	ast_free(dtls_cfg->cafile);
	dtls_cfg->cafile = NULL;
	ast_free(dtls_cfg->capath);
	dtls_cfg->capath = NULL;
}

/*! \internal
 * \brief Small helper routine that cleans up entry i in
 * \c ast_rtp_mime_types.
 */
static void rtp_engine_mime_type_cleanup(int i)
{
	ao2_cleanup(ast_rtp_mime_types[i].payload_type.format);
	memset(&ast_rtp_mime_types[i], 0, sizeof(struct ast_rtp_mime_type));
}

static void set_next_mime_type(struct ast_format *format, int rtp_code, const char *type, const char *subtype, unsigned int sample_rate)
{
	int x;

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&mime_types_lock);

	x = mime_types_len;
	if (ARRAY_LEN(ast_rtp_mime_types) <= x) {
		ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);
		return;
	}

	/* Make sure any previous value in ast_rtp_mime_types is cleaned up */
	memset(&ast_rtp_mime_types[x], 0, sizeof(struct ast_rtp_mime_type));
	if (format) {
		ast_rtp_mime_types[x].payload_type.asterisk_format = 1;
		ast_rtp_mime_types[x].payload_type.format = ao2_bump(format);
	} else {
		ast_rtp_mime_types[x].payload_type.rtp_code = rtp_code;
	}
	ast_copy_string(ast_rtp_mime_types[x].type, type, sizeof(ast_rtp_mime_types[x].type));
	ast_copy_string(ast_rtp_mime_types[x].subtype, subtype, sizeof(ast_rtp_mime_types[x].subtype));
	ast_rtp_mime_types[x].sample_rate = sample_rate;
	mime_types_len++;

	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);
}

static void add_static_payload(int payload, struct ast_format *format, int rtp_code)
{
	struct ast_rtp_payload_type *type;

	/*
	 * ARRAY_LEN's result is cast to an int so 'map' is not autocast to a size_t,
	 * which if negative would cause an assertion.
	 */
	ast_assert(payload < (int)ARRAY_LEN(static_RTP_PT));

	if (ast_option_rtpusedynamic && payload < 0) {
		/*
		 * We're going to build dynamic payloads dynamically. An RTP code is
		 * required otherwise one will be dynamically allocated per instance.
		 */
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Either the given payload is truly a static type, or Asterisk is
	 * globally storing the dynamic payloads in the static_RTP_PT object.
	 */
	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

	if (payload < 0) {
		/*
		 * This is a dynamic payload that will be stored globally,
		 * so find the next available empty slot.
		 */
		payload = find_unused_payload(NULL);
		if (payload < 0) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No dynamic RTP payload type values available "
				"for %s - %d!\n", format ? ast_format_get_name(format) : "", rtp_code);
			ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
			return;
		}
	}

	type = rtp_payload_type_alloc(format, payload, rtp_code, 1, 0);
	if (type) {
		ao2_cleanup(static_RTP_PT[payload]);
		static_RTP_PT[payload] = type;
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
}

int ast_rtp_engine_load_format(struct ast_format *format)
{
	char *codec_name = ast_strdupa(ast_format_get_codec_name(format));

	codec_name = ast_str_to_upper(codec_name);

	set_next_mime_type(format,
		0,
		ast_codec_media_type2str(ast_format_get_type(format)),
		codec_name,
		ast_format_get_sample_rate(format));
	add_static_payload(-1, format, 0);

	return 0;
}

int ast_rtp_engine_unload_format(struct ast_format *format)
{
	int x;
	int y = 0;

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	/* remove everything pertaining to this format id from the lists */
	for (x = 0; x < AST_RTP_MAX_PT; x++) {
		if (static_RTP_PT[x]
			&& ast_format_cmp(static_RTP_PT[x]->format, format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) {
			ao2_ref(static_RTP_PT[x], -1);
			static_RTP_PT[x] = NULL;
		}
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&mime_types_lock);
	/* rebuild the list skipping the items matching this id */
	for (x = 0; x < mime_types_len; x++) {
		if (ast_format_cmp(ast_rtp_mime_types[x].payload_type.format, format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) {
			rtp_engine_mime_type_cleanup(x);
			continue;
		}
		if (x != y) {
			ast_rtp_mime_types[y] = ast_rtp_mime_types[x];
		}
		y++;
	}
	mime_types_len = y;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);
	return 0;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief \ref stasis message payload for RTCP messages
 */
struct rtcp_message_payload {
	struct ast_channel_snapshot *snapshot;  /*< The channel snapshot, if available */
	struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report *report;     /*< The RTCP report */
	struct ast_json *blob;                  /*< Extra JSON data to publish */
};

static void rtcp_message_payload_dtor(void *obj)
{
	struct rtcp_message_payload *payload = obj;

	ao2_cleanup(payload->report);
	ao2_cleanup(payload->snapshot);
	ast_json_unref(payload->blob);
}

static struct ast_manager_event_blob *rtcp_report_to_ami(struct stasis_message *msg)
{
	struct rtcp_message_payload *payload = stasis_message_data(msg);
	RAII_VAR(struct ast_str *, channel_string, NULL, ast_free);
	RAII_VAR(struct ast_str *, packet_string, ast_str_create(512), ast_free);
	unsigned int ssrc = payload->report->ssrc;
	unsigned int type = payload->report->type;
	unsigned int report_count = payload->report->reception_report_count;
	int i;

	if (!packet_string) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (payload->snapshot) {
		channel_string = ast_manager_build_channel_state_string(payload->snapshot);
		if (!channel_string) {
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	if (payload->blob) {
		/* Optional data */
		struct ast_json *to = ast_json_object_get(payload->blob, "to");
		struct ast_json *from = ast_json_object_get(payload->blob, "from");
		struct ast_json *rtt = ast_json_object_get(payload->blob, "rtt");
		struct ast_json *mes = ast_json_object_get(payload->blob, "mes");
		if (to) {
			ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "To: %s\r\n", ast_json_string_get(to));
		}
		if (from) {
			ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "From: %s\r\n", ast_json_string_get(from));
		}
		if (rtt) {
			ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "RTT: %4.4f\r\n", ast_json_real_get(rtt));
		}
		if (mes) {
			ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "MES: %4.1f\r\n", ast_json_real_get(mes));
		}
	}

	ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "SSRC: 0x%.8x\r\n", ssrc);
	ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "PT: %u(%s)\r\n", type, type== AST_RTP_RTCP_SR ? "SR" : "RR");
	ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "ReportCount: %u\r\n", report_count);
	if (type == AST_RTP_RTCP_SR) {
		ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "SentNTP: %lu.%06lu\r\n",
			(unsigned long)payload->report->sender_information.ntp_timestamp.tv_sec,
			(unsigned long)payload->report->sender_information.ntp_timestamp.tv_usec);
		ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "SentRTP: %u\r\n",
				payload->report->sender_information.rtp_timestamp);
		ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "SentPackets: %u\r\n",
				payload->report->sender_information.packet_count);
		ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "SentOctets: %u\r\n",
				payload->report->sender_information.octet_count);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < report_count; i++) {
		RAII_VAR(struct ast_str *, report_string, NULL, ast_free);

		if (!payload->report->report_block[i]) {
			break;
		}

		report_string = ast_str_create(256);
		if (!report_string) {
			return NULL;
		}

		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dSourceSSRC: 0x%.8x\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->source_ssrc);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dFractionLost: %d\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->lost_count.fraction);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dCumulativeLost: %u\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->lost_count.packets);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dHighestSequence: %u\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->highest_seq_no & 0xffff);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dSequenceNumberCycles: %u\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->highest_seq_no >> 16);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dIAJitter: %u\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->ia_jitter);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dLSR: %u\r\n",
				i, payload->report->report_block[i]->lsr);
		ast_str_append(&report_string, 0, "Report%dDLSR: %4.4f\r\n",
				i, ((double)payload->report->report_block[i]->dlsr) / 65536);
		ast_str_append(&packet_string, 0, "%s", ast_str_buffer(report_string));
	}

	return ast_manager_event_blob_create(EVENT_FLAG_REPORTING,
		stasis_message_type(msg) == ast_rtp_rtcp_received_type() ? "RTCPReceived" : "RTCPSent",
		"%s%s",
		AS_OR(channel_string, ""),
		ast_str_buffer(packet_string));
}

static struct ast_json *rtcp_report_to_json(struct stasis_message *msg,
	const struct stasis_message_sanitizer *sanitize)
{
	struct rtcp_message_payload *payload = stasis_message_data(msg);
	struct ast_json *json_rtcp_report = NULL;
	struct ast_json *json_rtcp_report_blocks;
	struct ast_json *json_rtcp_sender_info = NULL;
	struct ast_json *json_channel = NULL;
	int i;

	json_rtcp_report_blocks = ast_json_array_create();
	if (!json_rtcp_report_blocks) {
		return NULL;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < payload->report->reception_report_count && payload->report->report_block[i]; i++) {
		struct ast_json *json_report_block;
		char str_lsr[32];

		snprintf(str_lsr, sizeof(str_lsr), "%u", payload->report->report_block[i]->lsr);
		json_report_block = ast_json_pack("{s: I, s: I, s: I, s: I, s: I, s: s, s: I}",
			"source_ssrc", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->source_ssrc,
			"fraction_lost", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->lost_count.fraction,
			"packets_lost", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->lost_count.packets,
			"highest_seq_no", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->highest_seq_no,
			"ia_jitter", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->ia_jitter,
			"lsr", str_lsr,
			"dlsr", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->report_block[i]->dlsr);
		if (!json_report_block
			|| ast_json_array_append(json_rtcp_report_blocks, json_report_block)) {
			ast_json_unref(json_rtcp_report_blocks);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	if (payload->report->type == AST_RTP_RTCP_SR) {
		char sec[32];
		char usec[32];

		snprintf(sec, sizeof(sec), "%lu", (unsigned long)payload->report->sender_information.ntp_timestamp.tv_sec);
		snprintf(usec, sizeof(usec), "%lu", (unsigned long)payload->report->sender_information.ntp_timestamp.tv_usec);
		json_rtcp_sender_info = ast_json_pack("{s: s, s: s, s: I, s: I, s: I}",
			"ntp_timestamp_sec", sec,
			"ntp_timestamp_usec", usec,
			"rtp_timestamp", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->sender_information.rtp_timestamp,
			"packets", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->sender_information.packet_count,
			"octets", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->sender_information.octet_count);
		if (!json_rtcp_sender_info) {
			ast_json_unref(json_rtcp_report_blocks);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	json_rtcp_report = ast_json_pack("{s: I, s: I, s: i, s: o, s: o}",
		"ssrc", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->ssrc,
		"type", (ast_json_int_t)payload->report->type,
		"report_count", payload->report->reception_report_count,
		"sender_information", json_rtcp_sender_info ?: ast_json_null(),
		"report_blocks", json_rtcp_report_blocks);
	if (!json_rtcp_report) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (payload->snapshot) {
		json_channel = ast_channel_snapshot_to_json(payload->snapshot, sanitize);
		if (!json_channel) {
			ast_json_unref(json_rtcp_report);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	return ast_json_pack("{s: s, s: o?, s: o, s: O?}",
		"type", stasis_message_type(msg) == ast_rtp_rtcp_received_type() ? "RTCPReceived" : "RTCPSent",
		"channel", json_channel,
		"rtcp_report", json_rtcp_report,
		"blob", payload->blob);
}

static void rtp_rtcp_report_dtor(void *obj)
{
	int i;
	struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report *rtcp_report = obj;

	for (i = 0; i < rtcp_report->reception_report_count; i++) {
		ast_free(rtcp_report->report_block[i]);
	}
}

struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report *ast_rtp_rtcp_report_alloc(unsigned int report_blocks)
{
	struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report *rtcp_report;

	/* Size of object is sizeof the report + the number of report_blocks * sizeof pointer */
	rtcp_report = ao2_alloc((sizeof(*rtcp_report) + report_blocks * sizeof(struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report_block *)),
		rtp_rtcp_report_dtor);

	return rtcp_report;
}

void ast_rtp_publish_rtcp_message(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp,
		struct stasis_message_type *message_type,
		struct ast_rtp_rtcp_report *report,
		struct ast_json *blob)
{
	RAII_VAR(struct rtcp_message_payload *, payload, NULL, ao2_cleanup);
	RAII_VAR(struct stasis_message *, message, NULL, ao2_cleanup);

	if (!message_type) {
		return;
	}

	payload = ao2_alloc(sizeof(*payload), rtcp_message_payload_dtor);
	if (!payload || !report) {
		return;
	}

	if (!ast_strlen_zero(rtp->channel_uniqueid)) {
		payload->snapshot = ast_channel_snapshot_get_latest(rtp->channel_uniqueid);
	}
	if (blob) {
		payload->blob = blob;
		ast_json_ref(blob);
	}
	ao2_ref(report, +1);
	payload->report = report;

	message = stasis_message_create(message_type, payload);
	if (!message) {
		return;
	}

	stasis_publish(ast_rtp_topic(), message);
}

/*!
 * @{ \brief Define RTCP/RTP message types.
 */
STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_DEFN(ast_rtp_rtcp_sent_type,
		.to_ami = rtcp_report_to_ami,
		.to_json = rtcp_report_to_json,);
STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_DEFN(ast_rtp_rtcp_received_type,
		.to_ami = rtcp_report_to_ami,
		.to_json = rtcp_report_to_json,);
/*! @} */

struct stasis_topic *ast_rtp_topic(void)
{
	return rtp_topic;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_rtp_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_rtp_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_rtp_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_rtp_packet_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_rtp_packet_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_rtp_packet_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_rtcp_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_rtcp_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_rtcp_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_rtcp_packet_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_rtcp_packet_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_rtcp_packet_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_dtls_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_dtls_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_dtls_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_dtls_packet_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_dtls_packet_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_dtls_packet_id;
}

static uintmax_t debug_category_ice_id;

uintmax_t ast_debug_category_ice_id(void)
{
	return debug_category_ice_id;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Shutdown the RTP engine
 * This function will not get called if any module fails to unload.
 */
static void rtp_engine_shutdown(void)
{
	int x;

	ao2_cleanup(rtp_topic);
	rtp_topic = NULL;
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_CLEANUP(ast_rtp_rtcp_received_type);
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_CLEANUP(ast_rtp_rtcp_sent_type);

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);
	for (x = 0; x < AST_RTP_MAX_PT; x++) {
		ao2_cleanup(static_RTP_PT[x]);
		static_RTP_PT[x] = NULL;
	}
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

	ast_rwlock_wrlock(&mime_types_lock);
	for (x = 0; x < mime_types_len; x++) {
		if (ast_rtp_mime_types[x].payload_type.format) {
			rtp_engine_mime_type_cleanup(x);
		}
	}
	mime_types_len = 0;
	ast_rwlock_unlock(&mime_types_lock);
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Unregister the debug categories
 * This function will always get called even if any module fails to unload.
 */
static void rtp_engine_atexit(void)
{
	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_ICE);

	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_DTLS_PACKET);
	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_DTLS);

	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTCP_PACKET);
	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTCP);

	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTP_PACKET);
	ast_debug_category_unregister(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTP);
}

int ast_rtp_engine_init(void)
{
	ast_rwlock_init(&mime_types_lock);
	ast_rwlock_init(&static_RTP_PT_lock);

	rtp_topic = stasis_topic_create("rtp:all");
	if (!rtp_topic) {
		return -1;
	}
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INIT(ast_rtp_rtcp_sent_type);
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INIT(ast_rtp_rtcp_received_type);
	ast_register_cleanup(rtp_engine_shutdown);

	/* Define all the RTP mime types available */
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g723, 0, "audio", "G723", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_gsm, 0, "audio", "GSM", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_ulaw, 0, "audio", "PCMU", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_ulaw, 0, "audio", "G711U", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_alaw, 0, "audio", "PCMA", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_alaw, 0, "audio", "G711A", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g726, 0, "audio", "G726-32", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_adpcm, 0, "audio", "DVI4", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin, 0, "audio", "L16", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin16, 0, "audio", "L16", 16000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin16, 0, "audio", "L16-256", 16000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin12, 0, "audio", "L16", 12000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin24, 0, "audio", "L16", 24000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin32, 0, "audio", "L16", 32000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin44, 0, "audio", "L16", 44100);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin48, 0, "audio", "L16", 48000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin96, 0, "audio", "L16", 96000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_slin192, 0, "audio", "L16", 192000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_lpc10, 0, "audio", "LPC", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g729, 0, "audio", "G729", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g729, 0, "audio", "G729A", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g729, 0, "audio", "G.729", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_speex, 0, "audio", "speex", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_speex16, 0,  "audio", "speex", 16000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_speex32, 0,  "audio", "speex", 32000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_ilbc, 0, "audio", "iLBC", 8000);
	/* this is the sample rate listed in the RTP profile for the G.722 codec, *NOT* the actual sample rate of the media stream */
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g722, 0, "audio", "G722", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g726_aal2, 0, "audio", "AAL2-G726-32", 8000);
	/* we need all possible dtmf/bitrate combinations or ast_rtp_codecs_payloads_set_rtpmap_type_rate will not examine it */
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF, "audio", "telephone-event", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF, "audio", "telephone-event", 16000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF, "audio", "telephone-event", 24000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF, "audio", "telephone-event", 32000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF, "audio", "telephone-event", 48000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_CISCO_DTMF, "audio", "cisco-telephone-event", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(NULL, AST_RTP_CN, "audio", "CN", 8000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_jpeg, 0, "video", "JPEG", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_png, 0, "video", "PNG", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_h261, 0, "video", "H261", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_h263, 0, "video", "H263", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_h263p, 0, "video", "h263-1998", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_h264, 0, "video", "H264", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_h265, 0, "video", "H265", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_mp4, 0, "video", "MP4V-ES", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_t140_red, 0, "text", "RED", 1000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_t140, 0, "text", "T140", 1000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_siren7, 0, "audio", "G7221", 16000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_siren14, 0, "audio", "G7221", 32000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_g719, 0, "audio", "G719", 48000);
	/* Opus, VP8, and VP9 */
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_opus, 0,  "audio", "opus", 48000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_vp8, 0,  "video", "VP8", 90000);
	set_next_mime_type(ast_format_vp9, 0, "video", "VP9", 90000);

	/* Define the static rtp payload mappings */
	add_static_payload(0, ast_format_ulaw, 0);
	#ifdef USE_DEPRECATED_G726
	add_static_payload(2, ast_format_g726, 0);/* Technically this is G.721, but if Cisco can do it, so can we... */
	#endif
	add_static_payload(3, ast_format_gsm, 0);
	add_static_payload(4, ast_format_g723, 0);
	add_static_payload(5, ast_format_adpcm, 0);/* 8 kHz */
	add_static_payload(6, ast_format_adpcm, 0); /* 16 kHz */
	add_static_payload(7, ast_format_lpc10, 0);
	add_static_payload(8, ast_format_alaw, 0);
	add_static_payload(9, ast_format_g722, 0);
	add_static_payload(10, ast_format_slin, 0); /* 2 channels */
	add_static_payload(11, ast_format_slin, 0); /* 1 channel */
	add_static_payload(13, NULL, AST_RTP_CN);
	add_static_payload(16, ast_format_adpcm, 0); /* 11.025 kHz */
	add_static_payload(17, ast_format_adpcm, 0); /* 22.050 kHz */
	add_static_payload(18, ast_format_g729, 0);
	add_static_payload(19, NULL, AST_RTP_CN);         /* Also used for CN */
	add_static_payload(26, ast_format_jpeg, 0);
	add_static_payload(31, ast_format_h261, 0);
	add_static_payload(34, ast_format_h263, 0);

	/*
	 * Dynamic payload types - Even when dynamically assigning them we'll fall
	 * back to using the statically declared values as the default number.
	 */
	add_static_payload(96, ast_format_slin192, 0);
	add_static_payload(97, ast_format_ilbc, 0);

	add_static_payload(99, ast_format_h264, 0);
	add_static_payload(100, ast_format_vp8, 0);
	add_static_payload(101, NULL, AST_RTP_DTMF);
	add_static_payload(102, ast_format_siren7, 0);
	add_static_payload(103, ast_format_h263p, 0);
	add_static_payload(104, ast_format_mp4, 0);
	add_static_payload(105, ast_format_t140_red, 0);   /* Real time text chat (with redundancy encoding) */
	add_static_payload(106, ast_format_t140, 0);     /* Real time text chat */
	add_static_payload(107, ast_format_opus, 0);
	add_static_payload(108, ast_format_vp9, 0);
	add_static_payload(109, ast_format_h265, 0);

	add_static_payload(110, ast_format_speex, 0);
	add_static_payload(111, ast_format_g726, 0);
	add_static_payload(112, ast_format_g726_aal2, 0);

	add_static_payload(115, ast_format_siren14, 0);
	add_static_payload(116, ast_format_g719, 0);
	add_static_payload(117, ast_format_speex16, 0);
	add_static_payload(118, ast_format_slin16, 0); /* 16 Khz signed linear */
	add_static_payload(119, ast_format_speex32, 0);

	add_static_payload(121, NULL, AST_RTP_CISCO_DTMF);   /* Must be type 121 */
	add_static_payload(122, ast_format_slin12, 0);
	add_static_payload(123, ast_format_slin24, 0);
	add_static_payload(124, ast_format_slin32, 0);
	add_static_payload(125, ast_format_slin44, 0);
	add_static_payload(126, ast_format_slin48, 0);
	add_static_payload(127, ast_format_slin96, 0);
	/* payload types above 127 are not valid */

	debug_category_rtp_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTP);
	debug_category_rtp_packet_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTP_PACKET);
	debug_category_rtcp_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTCP);
	debug_category_rtcp_packet_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_RTCP_PACKET);
	debug_category_dtls_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_DTLS);
	debug_category_dtls_packet_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_DTLS_PACKET);
	debug_category_ice_id = ast_debug_category_register(AST_LOG_CATEGORY_ICE);

	/*
	 * Normnally a core module should call ast_register_cleanup,
	 * which doesn't run if any module fails to unload.  This
	 * prevents resources being pulled out from under a running
	 * module and possibly causing a segfault.  In this case however,
	 * the only thing we're cleaning up are the registrations of the
	 * debug categories.
	 */
	ast_register_atexit(rtp_engine_atexit);

	return 0;
}

time_t ast_rtp_instance_get_last_tx(const struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp)
{
	return rtp->last_tx;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_last_tx(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp, time_t time)
{
	rtp->last_tx = time;
}

time_t ast_rtp_instance_get_last_rx(const struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp)
{
	return rtp->last_rx;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_last_rx(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp, time_t time)
{
	rtp->last_rx = time;
}

unsigned int ast_rtp_instance_get_ssrc(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp)
{
	unsigned int ssrc = 0;

	ao2_lock(rtp);
	if (rtp->engine->ssrc_get) {
		ssrc = rtp->engine->ssrc_get(rtp);
	}
	ao2_unlock(rtp);

	return ssrc;
}

const char *ast_rtp_instance_get_cname(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp)
{
	const char *cname = "";

	ao2_lock(rtp);
	if (rtp->engine->cname_get) {
		cname = rtp->engine->cname_get(rtp);
	}
	ao2_unlock(rtp);

	return cname;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_bundle(struct ast_rtp_instance *child, struct ast_rtp_instance *parent)
{
	int res = -1;

	if (parent && (child->engine != parent->engine)) {
		return -1;
	}

	ao2_lock(child);
	if (child->engine->bundle) {
		res = child->engine->bundle(child, parent);
	}
	ao2_unlock(child);

	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_remote_ssrc(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp, unsigned int ssrc)
{
	ao2_lock(rtp);
	if (rtp->engine->set_remote_ssrc) {
		rtp->engine->set_remote_ssrc(rtp, ssrc);
	}
	ao2_unlock(rtp);
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_stream_num(struct ast_rtp_instance *rtp, int stream_num)
{
	ao2_lock(rtp);
	if (rtp->engine->set_stream_num) {
		rtp->engine->set_stream_num(rtp, stream_num);
	}
	ao2_unlock(rtp);
}

#ifdef TEST_FRAMEWORK
size_t ast_rtp_instance_get_recv_buffer_max(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	size_t res;
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);
	res = test->recv_buffer_max(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return res;
}

size_t ast_rtp_instance_get_recv_buffer_count(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	size_t res;
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);
	res = test->recv_buffer_count(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return res;
}

size_t ast_rtp_instance_get_send_buffer_count(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	size_t res;
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);
	res = test->send_buffer_count(instance);
	ao2_unlock(instance);

	return res;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_set_schedid(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int id)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return;
	}

	ao2_lock(instance);
	test->set_schedid(instance, id);
	ao2_unlock(instance);
}

void ast_rtp_instance_drop_packets(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance, int num)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return;
	}

	test->packets_to_drop = num;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_queue_report(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return;
	}

	test->send_report = 1;
}

int ast_rtp_instance_get_sdes_received(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return 0;
	}

	return test->sdes_received;
}

void ast_rtp_instance_reset_test_engine(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ast_rtp_engine_test *test = ast_rtp_instance_get_test(instance);

	if (!test) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "There is no test engine set up!\n");
		return;
	}

	test->packets_to_drop = 0;
	test->send_report = 0;
	test->sdes_received = 0;
}
#endif

struct ast_json *ast_rtp_convert_stats_json(const struct ast_rtp_instance_stats *stats)
{
	struct ast_json *j_res;
	int ret;

	j_res = ast_json_object_create();
	if (!j_res) {
		return NULL;
	}

	/* set mandatory items */
	ret = ast_json_object_set(j_res, "txcount", ast_json_integer_create(stats->txcount));
	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "rxcount", ast_json_integer_create(stats->rxcount));

	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "txploss", ast_json_integer_create(stats->txploss));
	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "rxploss", ast_json_integer_create(stats->rxploss));

	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "local_ssrc", ast_json_integer_create(stats->local_ssrc));
	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "remote_ssrc", ast_json_integer_create(stats->remote_ssrc));

	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "txoctetcount", ast_json_integer_create(stats->txoctetcount));
	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "rxoctetcount", ast_json_integer_create(stats->rxoctetcount));

	ret |= ast_json_object_set(j_res, "channel_uniqueid", ast_json_string_create(stats->channel_uniqueid));
	if (ret) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Could not create rtp statistics info. channel: %s\n", stats->channel_uniqueid);
		ast_json_unref(j_res);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* set other items */
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "txjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->txjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "rxjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->rxjitter));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_maxjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_maxjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_minjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_minjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_normdevjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_normdevjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_stdevjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_stdevjitter));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_maxjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_maxjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_minjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_minjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_normdevjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_normdevjitter));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_stdevjitter", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_stdevjitter));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_maxrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_maxrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_minrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_minrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_normdevrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_normdevrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_stdevrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_stdevrxploss));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_maxrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_maxrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_minrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_minrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_normdevrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_normdevrxploss));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_stdevrxploss", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_stdevrxploss));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "rtt", ast_json_real_create(stats->rtt));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "maxrtt", ast_json_real_create(stats->maxrtt));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "minrtt", ast_json_real_create(stats->minrtt));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "normdevrtt", ast_json_real_create(stats->normdevrtt));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "stdevrtt", ast_json_real_create(stats->stdevrtt));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "txmes", ast_json_integer_create(stats->txmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "rxmes", ast_json_integer_create(stats->rxmes));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_maxmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_maxmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_minmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_minmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_normdevmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_normdevmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "remote_stdevmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->remote_stdevmes));

	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_maxmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_maxmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_minmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_minmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_normdevmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_normdevmes));
	SET_AST_JSON_OBJ(j_res, "local_stdevmes", ast_json_real_create(stats->local_stdevmes));

	return j_res;
}

struct ast_json *ast_rtp_instance_get_stats_all_json(struct ast_rtp_instance *instance)
{
	struct ast_rtp_instance_stats stats = {0,};

	if(ast_rtp_instance_get_stats(instance, &stats, AST_RTP_INSTANCE_STAT_ALL)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	return ast_rtp_convert_stats_json(&stats);
}

int ast_rtp_get_rate(const struct ast_format *format)
{
	/* For those wondering: due to a fluke in RFC publication, G.722 is advertised
	 * as having a sample rate of 8kHz, while implementations must know that its
	 * real rate is 16kHz. Seriously.
	 */
        return (ast_format_cmp(format, ast_format_g722) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL) ? 8000 : (int)ast_format_get_sample_rate(format);
}
